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The Invaders, and Other Stories
The Invaders, and Other Stories

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Invaders, and Other Stories is here in full — 448 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Invaders, and Other Stories
Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
[Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]
[Footnote 2: _kasakín._] [Footnote 3: _dvor_.]
II.
After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.
Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Invaders, and Other Stories

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Invaders, and Other Stories is here in full — 448 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]
Line 2
[Footnote 2: _kasakín._] [Footnote 3: _dvor_.]
Line 3
II.
Line 4
After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.
Line 5
Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Dedicated adjective US /ˈdedəkeɪtəd/

devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose

From this reading “[Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]”

dew noun US /duː/

water that has condensed on a cool surface overnight from water vapor in the air

From this reading “Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.”

encircled adjective US /ɪnˈsɜːrkəld/

confined on all sides

From this reading “Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.”

graze verb US /ɡreɪz/

feed as in a meadow or pasture

From this reading “After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.”

Nester noun US /ˈnestər/

someone who settles lawfully on government land with the intent to acquire title to it

From this reading “After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.”

originator noun US /ərˈɪdʒəneɪtər/

someone who creates new things

From this reading “[Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]”

scatter verb US /ˈskætər/

to cause to separate and go in different directions

From this reading “Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.”

vapor noun US /ˈveɪpər/

a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance

From this reading “Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

took off verb + particle counted as “take off”

leave

In this reading “After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 2: _kasakín._] [Footnote 3: _dvor_.]

3

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 2: _kasakín._] [Footnote 3: _dvor_.]

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

alikeadverbUS /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

dampadjectiveUS /dæmp/

slightly wet

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

DedicatedadjectiveUS /ˈdedəkeɪtəd/

devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

dewnounUS /duː/

water that has condensed on a cool surface overnight from water vapor in the air

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

dismounted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

drivingadjectiveUS /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/

having the power of driving or impelling

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

dvor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 2: _kasakín._] [Footnote 3: _dvor_.]

encircledadjectiveUS /ɪnˈsɜːrkəld/

confined on all sides

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

FootnotenounUS /ˈfʊtnoʊt/

a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

grazeverbUS /ɡreɪz/

feed as in a meadow or pasture

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

herdnounUS /hɜːrd/

a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading II.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

kasakín

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 2: _kasakín._] [Footnote 3: _dvor_.]

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

meadownounUS /ˈmedoʊ/

a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

MeantimenounUS /ˈmiːntaɪm/

the time between one event, process, or period and another

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

NesternounUS /ˈnestər/

someone who settles lawfully on government land with the intent to acquire title to it

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

originatornounUS /ərˈɪdʒəneɪtər/

someone who creates new things

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

saddleverbUS /ˈsædəl/

put a saddle on

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

scatterverbUS /ˈskætər/

to cause to separate and go in different directions

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

Stakhovitch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

Tolstoi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

untroddenadjective

lacking pathways

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

vapornounUS /ˈveɪpər/

a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading After driving the herd down to the river, near which the horses were to graze, Nester dismounted and took off the saddle.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading [Footnote 1: Dedicated to the memory of M. A. Stakhovitch, the originator of the subject, which was given by his brother to Count Tolstoi.]

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Meantime the herd began slowly to scatter over the as yet untrodden field, covered with dew and with vapor rising alike from the damp meadow and the river that encircled it.

Chapter 10 of The Invaders, and Other Stories by Leo, graf Tolstoy holds 448 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Invaders, and Other Stories contain?

Chapter 10 holds 448 sentences of The Invaders, and Other Stories, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Invaders, and Other Stories by Leo, graf Tolstoy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 448 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Invaders, and Other Stories?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Invaders, and Other Stories

Common questions about reading The Invaders, and Other Stories by Leo, graf Tolstoy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Invaders, and Other Stories?

Yes. All 4680 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56797 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Invaders, and Other Stories is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56797, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Invaders, and Other Stories take to read?

About 390 minutes of reading across 936 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Invaders, and Other Stories section by section

How to work through The Invaders, and Other Stories section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of The Invaders, and Other Stories to begin.

  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Invaders, and Other Stories

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Invaders, and Other Stories, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Thomas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Invaders, and Other Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crowell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Invaders, and Other Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Captain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Invaders, and Other Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Khlopof
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Invaders, and Other Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.