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The inverted pyramid
The inverted pyramid

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The inverted pyramid is here in full — 170 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The inverted pyramid
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.
Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.
To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.
They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.
For such, the line of least resistance is closed.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The inverted pyramid

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The inverted pyramid is here in full — 170 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.
/ðə ˈkwɑːləti ʌv pərˈsɪstəns ɪn ðə feɪs ʌv ˈdɪfəkəltiz ɪz wʌn ðæt men ɑːr ˈveriəsli enˈdaʊd wɪð/
Line 2
Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.
Line 3
To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.
Line 4
They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.
Line 5
For such, the line of least resistance is closed.
/fɔːr sʌtʃ ðə laɪn ʌv liːst rɪˈzɪstəns ɪz kloʊzd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

breasts noun US /brests/

plural of “breast” — the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen

From this reading “Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.”

ceases noun US /ˈsiːsɪz/

plural of “cease” — (“cease” is a noun only in the phrase “without cease”) end

From this reading “To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.”

endowed adjective US /enˈdaʊd/

provided or supplied or equipped with (especially as by inheritance or nature)

From this reading “The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.”

frustration noun US /frəˈstreɪʃən/

the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals

From this reading “They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.”

persistence noun US /pərˈsɪstəns/

the property of a continuous and connected period of time

From this reading “The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.”

revives verb US /riˈvaɪvz/

third-person singular of “revive” — cause to regain consciousness

From this reading “Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.”

spur noun US /spɜːr/

a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something

From this reading “To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.”

variously adverb US /ˈveriəsli/

in diverse ways

From this reading “The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

least resistance adjective + noun

the least effortful way to do something

In this reading “For such, the line of least resistance is closed.”

into action preposition + noun

In this reading “To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.”

All words in this reading · 50

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

acceptverbUS /ækˈsept/

consider or hold as true

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

breastsnounUS /brests/

plural of “breast” — the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen

From this reading Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

ceasesnounUS /ˈsiːsɪz/

plural of “cease” — (“cease” is a noun only in the phrase “without cease”) end

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

closedadjectiveUS /kloʊzd/

not open or affording passage or access

From this reading For such, the line of least resistance is closed.

convictionnounUS /kənˈvɪkʃən/

an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

defeatnounUS /dɪˈfiːt/

an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

difficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

endowedadjectiveUS /enˈdaʊd/

provided or supplied or equipped with (especially as by inheritance or nature)

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

frustrationnounUS /frəˈstreɪʃən/

the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

HopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading For such, the line of least resistance is closed.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading For such, the line of least resistance is closed.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.

persistencenounUS /pərˈsɪstəns/

the property of a continuous and connected period of time

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

qualitynounUS /ˈkwɑːləti/

an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

resistancenounUS /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading For such, the line of least resistance is closed.

revivesverbUS /riˈvaɪvz/

third-person singular of “revive” — cause to regain consciousness

From this reading Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.

rowelnoun

a small spiked wheel at the end of a spur

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.

sooneradverbUS /ˈsuːnər/

comparatives of “soon” or “early”

From this reading Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.

spurnounUS /spɜːr/

a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading For such, the line of least resistance is closed.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Hope revives in some breasts sooner than in others.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They cannot for long accept defeat or frustration as final.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

variouslyadverbUS /ˈveriəsli/

in diverse ways

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading To some the spur of a desire, a need, a conviction, never ceases wholly to rowel them into action.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The quality of persistence in the face of difficulties is one that men are variously endowed with.

Chapter 11 of The inverted pyramid by Bertrand W. Sinclair holds 170 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of The inverted pyramid contain?

Chapter 11 holds 170 sentences of The inverted pyramid, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of The inverted pyramid by Bertrand W. Sinclair exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 170 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of The inverted pyramid?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The inverted pyramid

Common questions about reading The inverted pyramid by Bertrand W. Sinclair on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The inverted pyramid?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The inverted pyramid is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The inverted pyramid take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The inverted pyramid section by section

How to work through The inverted pyramid section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of The inverted pyramid to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The inverted pyramid

Words and structures a reader meets early in The inverted pyramid, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The inverted pyramid, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The inverted pyramid, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The inverted pyramid, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.