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The Irish Peasant
The Irish Peasant

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Irish Peasant is here in full — 183 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.
CHAP.
I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.
“I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”
It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Irish Peasant

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Irish Peasant is here in full — 183 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.
Line 2
CHAP.
/tʃæp/
Line 3
I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.
Line 4
“I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”
/aɪ hæv noʊ ˈsɪlvər æt ˈprezənt sed ðə ˈdʒentəlmən bʌt kʌm nekst ˈmʌndi ənd juː ʃæl biː peɪd/
Line 5
It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.
/ɪt wɑːz θriː maɪlz tuː hɪz hoʊm ənd ɑːn hɪz weɪ hiː pæst ðə ˈkæbən ʌv ə puːr mæn huːm hiː nuː ˈveri wel/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

booksellers noun US /ˈbʊkselərz/

plural of “bookseller” — the proprietor of a bookstore

From this reading “LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.”

clump noun US /klʌmp/

a grouping of a number of similar things

From this reading “I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.”

depository noun US /dɪˈpɑːzətɔːri/

a facility where things can be deposited for storage or safekeeping

From this reading “LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.”

employer noun US /emˈplɔɪər/

a person or firm that employs workers

From this reading “I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.”

Instituted verb US /ˈɪnstətuːtɪd/

past form of “institute” — set up or lay the groundwork for

Lacy adjective US /ˈleɪsi/

made of or resembling lace

From this reading “I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.”

tract noun US /trækt/

an extended area of land

From this reading “LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.”

turf noun US /tɜːrf/

surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots

From this reading “I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

ragged coat adjective + noun

In this reading “I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.”

three miles noun + noun counted as “three mile”

In this reading “It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.”

poor man adjective + noun

In this reading “It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.”

put on verb + particle

put clothing on one's body

In this reading “I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1799

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

21

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

56

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

BERNERS-STREET

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

BOOKSELLERSnounUS /ˈbʊkselərz/

plural of “bookseller” — the proprietor of a bookstore

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

cabinnounUS /ˈkæbən/

small room on a ship or boat where people sleep

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

CHAPnounUS /tʃæp/

a boy or man

From this reading CHAP.

clumpnounUS /klʌmp/

a grouping of a number of similar things

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

DEPOSITORYnounUS /dɪˈpɑːzətɔːri/

a facility where things can be deposited for storage or safekeeping

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

dulladjectiveUS /dʌl/

lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

employernounUS /emˈplɔɪər/

a person or firm that employs workers

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

finishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪnɪʃt/

(of materials or goods) brought to the desired final state

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

InstitutedverbUS /ˈɪnstətuːtɪd/

past form of “institute” — set up or lay the groundwork for

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

ITpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

labourernoun

someone who works with their hands; someone engaged in manual labor

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

LacyadjectiveUS /ˈleɪsi/

made of or resembling lace

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

LONDONnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

MondaynounUS /ˈmʌndi/

the second day of the week; the first working day

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

NISBET

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

OTHERadjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

OXFORD-STREET

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

PATERNOSTER-ROW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

PeternounUS /ˈpiːtər/

disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

PrintedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

raggedadjectiveUS /ˈræɡəd/

being or dressed in clothes that are worn or torn

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

RELIGIOUSadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

SOCIETYnounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

SOLDadjectiveUS /soʊld/

disposed of to a purchaser

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

THEIRdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

TRACTnounUS /trækt/

an extended area of land

From this reading LONDON: _Printed for_ THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY, _Instituted_ 1799 AND SOLD AT THEIR DEPOSITORY, 56, PATERNOSTER-ROW; BY J. NISBET, 21, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET; AND BY OTHER BOOKSELLERS.

turfnounUS /tɜːrf/

surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

wagesnounUS /ˈweɪdʒəz/

a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I. IT was on a dull, cold evening that Peter Lacy, a poor labourer, having finished the clump of turf which he had engaged to do, put on his ragged coat, and walked up to the door of his employer to receive his wages.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was three miles to his home, and, on his way, he passed the cabin of a poor man whom he knew very well.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “I have no silver at present,” said the gentleman, “but come next Monday, and you shall be paid.”

Chapter 1 of The Irish Peasant by Religious Tract Society (Great Britain) holds 183 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Irish Peasant contain?

Chapter 1 holds 183 sentences of The Irish Peasant, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Irish Peasant by Religious Tract Society (Great Britain) exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 183 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Irish Peasant?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Irish Peasant

Common questions about reading The Irish Peasant by Religious Tract Society (Great Britain) on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Irish Peasant?

Yes. All 183 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #62059 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Irish Peasant is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #62059, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Irish Peasant take to read?

About 15 minutes of reading across 37 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Irish Peasant section by section

How to work through The Irish Peasant section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of The Irish Peasant to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Irish Peasant

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Irish Peasant, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Irish Peasant; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Irish Peasant; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Religious
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Irish Peasant; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tract
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Irish Peasant; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.