Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Iron Furrow
The Iron Furrow

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Iron Furrow is here in full — 132 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Iron Furrow
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
July passed.
Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.
Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.
From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.
Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Iron Furrow

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Iron Furrow is here in full — 132 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
July passed.
/ˌdʒuːˈlaɪ pæst/
Line 2
Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.
Line 3
Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.
Line 4
From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.
/frʌm ˈdeɪbreɪk ənˈtɪl əˈbaʊt eɪt əˈklɑːk ɪn ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ðə ˈendʒəˈnɪr ənd hɪz əˈsɪstənt wɜːrkt ɑːn ðə kəˈnæl laɪn/
Line 5
Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

appreciable adjective US /əˈpriːʃəbəl/

enough to be estimated or measured

From this reading “Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.”

conspicuously adverb US /kənˈspɪkjuːəsli/

in a manner tending to attract attention

From this reading “Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.”

hauling noun US /ˈhɔːlɪŋ/

the activity of transporting goods by truck

From this reading “Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.”

homesteaders noun US /ˈhoʊmstedərz/

plural of “homesteader” — someone who settles lawfully on government land with the intent to acquire title to it

From this reading “Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.”

mesa noun US /ˈmeɪsə/

flat tableland with steep edges

From this reading “Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.”

retardation noun US /ritɑːrˈdeɪʃən/

a decrease in rate of change

From this reading “Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.”

sagebrush noun US /ˈseɪdʒbrʌʃ/

any of several North American composite subshrubs of the genera Artemis or Seriphidium

From this reading “Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.”

staking verb US /ˈsteɪkɪŋ/

-ing form of “stake” — put at risk

From this reading “Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

appreciableadjectiveUS /əˈpriːʃəbəl/

enough to be estimated or measured

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

assistantnounUS /əˈsɪstənt/

a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

barrelnounUS /ˈbærəl/

a tube through which a bullet travels when a gun is fired

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

blockedadjectiveUS /blɑːkt/

closed to traffic

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

Bryant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

canalnounUS /kəˈnæl/

(astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

canonnounUS /ˈkænən/

a rule or especially body of rules or principles generally established as valid and fundamental in a field of art or philosophy

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

claimsnounUS /kleɪmz/

plural of “claim” — an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

conspicuouslyadverbUS /kənˈspɪkjuːəsli/

in a manner tending to attract attention

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

CreeknounUS /kriːk/

a natural stream of water smaller than a river (and often a tributary of a river)

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

Dave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

dawnnounUS /dɔːn/

the first light of day

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

daybreaknounUS /ˈdeɪbreɪk/

the first light of day

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

driedadjectiveUS /draɪd/

not still wet

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

dustier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

endedadjectiveUS /ˈendəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

engineernounUS /ˈendʒəˈnɪr/

a person who uses scientific knowledge to solve practical problems

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

fencedverbUS /fenst/

past form of “fence” — enclose with a fence

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

fictitiousadjectiveUS /fɪkˈtɪʃəs/

formed or conceived by the imagination

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

FollowedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

haulingnounUS /ˈhɔːlɪŋ/

the activity of transporting goods by truck

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

homesteadersnounUS /ˈhoʊmstedərz/

plural of “homesteader” — someone who settles lawfully on government land with the intent to acquire title to it

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

JulynounUS /ˌdʒuːˈlaɪ/

the month following June and preceding August

From this reading July passed.

likewiseadverbUS /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/

in like or similar manner

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

mesanounUS /ˈmeɪsə/

flat tableland with steep edges

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

MexicannounUS /ˈmeksəkən/

a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading July passed.

Perro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

plantedadjectiveUS /ˈplæntɪd/

(used especially of ideas or principles) deeply rooted; firmly fixed or held

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

poolnounUS /puːl/

an excavation that is (usually) filled with water

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

retardationnounUS /ritɑːrˈdeɪʃən/

a decrease in rate of change

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

sagebrushnounUS /ˈseɪdʒbrʌʃ/

any of several North American composite subshrubs of the genera Artemis or Seriphidium

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

shallowadjectiveUS /ˈʃæloʊ/

lacking physical depth; having little spatial extension downward or inward from an outer surface or backward or outward from a center

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

sledgeverbUS /sledʒ/

transport in a sleigh

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

stakingverbUS /ˈsteɪkɪŋ/

-ing form of “stake” — put at risk

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

Stevensons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

surveynounUS /sərˈveɪ/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

unstaked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

unvaryingadjective

unvarying in nature

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Perro Creek now showed no water at all in its shallow bed; the garden planted by the Stevensons was long dried up; the sagebrush was dustier than ever; and Bryant and Dave were hauling in a barrel on a sledge water for their use from a pool in the canon.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Bryant had run a fictitious survey along the mountain side, staking it out conspicuously for any one to see, to the first of the fenced claims of the Mexican homesteaders, where it ended as if blocked; but his real line on the mesa remained unstaked.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Followed August, with days likewise hot and unvarying except for a scarcely appreciable retardation of dawn.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading From daybreak until about eight o'clock in the morning the engineer and his assistant worked on the canal line.

Chapter 8 of The Iron Furrow by George C. (George Clifford) Shedd holds 132 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Iron Furrow contain?

Chapter 8 holds 132 sentences of The Iron Furrow, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Iron Furrow by George C. (George Clifford) Shedd exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 132 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Iron Furrow?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Iron Furrow

Common questions about reading The Iron Furrow by George C. (George Clifford) Shedd on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Iron Furrow?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Iron Furrow is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Iron Furrow take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Iron Furrow section by section

How to work through The Iron Furrow section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of The Iron Furrow to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Iron Furrow

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Iron Furrow, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Iron Furrow, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The Iron Furrow, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The Iron Furrow, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.