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The Iron Horse
The Iron Horse

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Iron Horse is here in full — 406 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.
This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.
It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.
After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.
It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Iron Horse

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Iron Horse is here in full — 406 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.
Line 2
This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.
/ðɪs ənˈnætʃərəl ˈɪnfənt ˌhaʊˈevər tɜːrnd aʊt tuː biː nɑːt ðə truː tʃaɪld/
Line 3
It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.
Line 4
After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.
Line 5
It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.
/ɪt dɪd nɑːt wɔːk wel ˌhaʊˈevər ənd ˈveri suːn wɔːkt ɔːf ðə fiːld ʌv ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

competition noun US /ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən/

a business relation in which two parties compete to gain customers

From this reading “It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.”

contrivance noun US /kənˈtraɪvəns/

a device or control that is very useful for a particular job

From this reading “After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.”

Leeds noun US /liːdz/

a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry

From this reading “Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.”

locomotives noun US /ˌloʊkəˈmoʊtɪvz/

plural of “locomotive” — a wheeled vehicle consisting of a self-propelled engine that is used to draw trains along railway tracks

From this reading “Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.”

Middleton noun US /ˈmɪdəltən/

English playwright and pamphleteer (1570-1627)

From this reading “Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.”

propelled verb US /prəˈpeld/

inflected form of “propel” — cause to move forward with force

From this reading “After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.”

propelling adjective US /prəˈpelɪŋ/

tending to or capable of propelling

From this reading “Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.”

toothed adjective US /tuːθt/

having teeth especially of a certain number or type; often used in combination

From this reading “Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.”

All words in this reading · 92

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1811

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

1813

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

ascents

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

attachedadjectiveUS /əˈtætʃt/

being joined in close association

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

biteverbUS /baɪt/

to grip, cut off, or tear with or as if with the teeth or jaws

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

Blenkinsop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

Brunton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

Butterley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

coalsnounUS /koʊlz/

plural of “coal” — fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

Collierynoun

a workplace consisting of a coal mine plus all the buildings and equipment connected with it

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

competitionnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən/

a business relation in which two parties compete to gain customers

From this reading It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.

contrivancenounUS /kənˈtraɪvəns/

a device or control that is very useful for a particular job

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

creaturenounUS /ˈkriːtʃər/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

enginenounUS /ˈendʒən/

motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

hauledverbUS /hɔːld/

past form of “haul” — draw slowly or heavily

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

infantnounUS /ˈɪnfənt/

a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

LeedsnounUS /liːdz/

a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

legsnounUS /leɡz/

staying power

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

locomotivesnounUS /ˌloʊkəˈmoʊtɪvz/

plural of “locomotive” — a wheeled vehicle consisting of a self-propelled engine that is used to draw trains along railway tracks

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

MiddletonnounUS /ˈmɪdəltən/

English playwright and pamphleteer (1570-1627)

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

pluckedadjectiveUS /plʌkt/

of a stringed instrument; sounded with the fingers or a plectrum

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

propelledverbUS /prəˈpeld/

inflected form of “propel” — cause to move forward with force

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

propellingadjectiveUS /prəˈpelɪŋ/

tending to or capable of propelling

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

railnounUS /reɪl/

a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

rearnounUS /rɪr/

the back of a military formation or procession

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

requireverbUS /ˌriːˈkwaɪər/

require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

steepadjectiveUS /stiːp/

having a sharp inclination

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

toothedadjectiveUS /tuːθt/

having teeth especially of a certain number or type; often used in combination

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

unnaturaladjectiveUS /ənˈnætʃərəl/

not in accordance with or determined by nature; contrary to nature

From this reading This unnatural infant, however, turned out to be not the true child.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading It did not walk well, however, and very soon walked off the field of competition altogether.

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading After this, in 1813, came Brunton of Butterley, with a curious contrivance in the form of legs and feet, which were attached to the rear of his engine and propelled it by a sort of walking motion.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

weightnounUS /weɪt/

the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was found that such a powerful creature did not require teeth at all, that he could "bite" quite well enough by means of his weight alone,--so the teeth were plucked out and never allowed to grow again.

wheelverbUS /wiːl/

change directions as if revolving on a pivot

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

workingadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading Blenkinsop, of Middleton Colliery, near Leeds, made locomotives in 1811 which hauled coals up steep ascents by means of a toothed rail, with a toothed propelling wheel working into it.

Chapter 3 of The Iron Horse by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne holds 406 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Iron Horse contain?

Chapter 3 holds 406 sentences of The Iron Horse, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Iron Horse by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 406 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Iron Horse?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Iron Horse

Common questions about reading The Iron Horse by R. M. (Robert Michael) Ballantyne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Iron Horse?

Yes. All 3647 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21740 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Iron Horse is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21740, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Iron Horse take to read?

About 303 minutes of reading across 730 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Iron Horse section by section

How to work through The Iron Horse section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of The Iron Horse to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Iron Horse

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Iron Horse, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Horse
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Iron Horse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ballantyne
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Iron Horse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chapter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Iron Horse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Treats
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Iron Horse; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.