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The Italians: A Novel
The Italians: A Novel

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of The Italians: A Novel is here in full — 198 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A LONELY TOWN.
The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.
In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.
Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.
The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Italians: A Novel

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of The Italians: A Novel is here in full — 198 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A LONELY TOWN.
/ə ˈloʊnli taʊn/
Line 2
The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.
Line 3
In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.
/ɪn ɪts kɔːrs ə ˈθaʊzənd ˈvæliz ˈoʊ.pən ʌp ˈskɔːrɪŋ ðə bæŋks/
Line 4
Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.
Line 5
The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

asunder adjective US /əˈsʌndər/

widely separated especially in space

From this reading “The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.”

breezes noun US /ˈbriːzɪz/

plural of “breeze” — a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading “Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.”

cleft noun US /kleft/

a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)

From this reading “The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.”

flanks noun US /flæŋks/

plural of “flank” — the side of military or naval formation

From this reading “The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.”

glassy adjective US /ˈɡlæsi/

resembling glass in smoothness and shininess and slickness

From this reading “The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.”

scoring noun US /ˈskɔːrɪŋ/

evaluation of performance by assigning a grade or score

From this reading “In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.”

tributary adjective US /ˈtrɪbjəteri/

(of a stream) flowing into a larger stream

From this reading “Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.”

willful adjective US /ˈwɪlfəl/

done by design

From this reading “The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A LONELY TOWN.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

asunderadjectiveUS /əˈsʌndər/

widely separated especially in space

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.

breezesnounUS /ˈbriːzɪz/

plural of “breeze” — a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

chestnut-forests

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

cleftnounUS /kleft/

a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

cooladjectiveUS /kuːl/

neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

Corellia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.

dog-days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

EachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

fastnesses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

flanksnounUS /flæŋks/

plural of “flank” — the side of military or naval formation

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

glassyadjectiveUS /ˈɡlæsi/

resembling glass in smoothness and shininess and slickness

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.

landsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

LONELYadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading A LONELY TOWN.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

Lucca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.

over-mantled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

rustleverbUS /ˈrʌsəl/

make a dry crackling sound

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

scoringnounUS /ˈskɔːrɪŋ/

evaluation of performance by assigning a grade or score

From this reading In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.

Serchio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

sprungverbUS /sprʌŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

TOWNnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading A LONELY TOWN.

trellised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

tributaryadjectiveUS /ˈtrɪbjəteri/

(of a stream) flowing into a larger stream

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

valleysnounUS /ˈvæliz/

plural of “valley” — a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading In its course a thousand valleys open up, scoring the banks.

vinesnounUS /vaɪnz/

plural of “vine” — a plant with a weak stem that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

virginnounUS /ˈvɜːrdʒɪn/

a person who has never had sex

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Each valley has its tributary stream, down which, even in the dog-days, cool breezes rustle.

willfuladjectiveUS /ˈwɪlfəl/

done by design

From this reading The road from Lucca to Corellia lies at the foot of lofty mountains, over-mantled by chestnut-forests, and cleft asunder by the river Serchio--the broad, willful Serchio, sprung from the flanks of virgin fastnesses.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The lower hills lying warm toward the south, and the broad glassy lands by the river, are trellised with vines.

Chapter 18 of The Italians: A Novel by Frances Minto Dickinson Elliot holds 198 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of The Italians: A Novel contain?

Chapter 18 holds 198 sentences of The Italians: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of The Italians: A Novel by Frances Minto Dickinson Elliot exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 198 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of The Italians: A Novel?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Italians: A Novel

Common questions about reading The Italians: A Novel by Frances Minto Dickinson Elliot on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Italians: A Novel?

Yes. All 8182 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12385 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Italians: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12385, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Italians: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1637 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Italians: A Novel section by section

How to work through The Italians: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The Italians: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Italians: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cathedral
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lucca
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Martino
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stands
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.