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The Italians: A Novel
The Italians: A Novel

Chapter XXIV · Chapter 24

Chapter 24 of The Italians: A Novel is here in full — 435 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
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THE CLUB AT LUCCA.
The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.
In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.
Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.
Here Cesare Trenta had flourished.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Italians: A Novel

Chapter XXIV · Chapter 24

Chapter 24 of The Italians: A Novel is here in full — 435 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CLUB AT LUCCA.
Line 2
The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.
Line 3
In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.
/ɪn ðə ˈsentər stændz ðə kəˈlɑːsəl ˈstætʃuː ʌv ə ˈbɜːrbən wɪð dɪˈʃevəld her ə ˌkɔːrnəˈkoʊpiə æt hɜːr fiːt/
Line 4
Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.
Line 5
Here Cesare Trenta had flourished.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

avenues noun US /ˈævənuːz/

plural of “avenue” — a line of approach

From this reading “The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.”

Bourbon noun US /ˈbɜːrbən/

a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)

From this reading “In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.”

colossal adjective US /kəˈlɑːsəl/

so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe

From this reading “In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.”

cornucopia noun US /ˌkɔːrnəˈkoʊpiə/

a goat's horn filled with grain and flowers and fruit symbolizing prosperity

From this reading “In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.”

disheveled adjective US /dɪˈʃevəld/

in disarray; extremely disorderly

From this reading “In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.”

ducal adjective US /ˈduːkəl/

of or belonging to or suitable for a duke

From this reading “Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.”

flourished verb US /ˈflɜːrɪʃt/

past form of “flourish” — grow vigorously

From this reading “Here Cesare Trenta had flourished.”

sovereigns noun US /ˈsɑːvrənz/

plural of “sovereign” — a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right

From this reading “Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.”

All words in this reading · 42

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE CLUB AT LUCCA.

avenuesnounUS /ˈævənuːz/

plural of “avenue” — a line of approach

From this reading The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.

BourbonnounUS /ˈbɜːrbən/

a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.

centrenounUS /ˈsentər/

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

Cesare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here Cesare Trenta had flourished.

CLUBnounUS /klʌb/

a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

From this reading THE CLUB AT LUCCA.

colossaladjectiveUS /kəˈlɑːsəl/

so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

cornucopianounUS /ˌkɔːrnəˈkoʊpiə/

a goat's horn filled with grain and flowers and fruit symbolizing prosperity

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

disheveledadjectiveUS /dɪˈʃevəld/

in disarray; extremely disorderly

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

ducaladjectiveUS /ˈduːkəl/

of or belonging to or suitable for a duke

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

FacingnounUS /ˈfeɪsɪŋ/

a lining applied to the edge of a garment for ornamentation or strengthening

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

flourishedverbUS /ˈflɜːrɪʃt/

past form of “flourish” — grow vigorously

From this reading Here Cesare Trenta had flourished.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Here Cesare Trenta had flourished.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here Cesare Trenta had flourished.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

LUCCA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE CLUB AT LUCCA.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

piazzanounUS /piˈæzə/

a public square with room for pedestrians

From this reading The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.

plane-trees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.

sovereignsnounUS /ˈsɑːvrənz/

plural of “sovereign” — a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

spaciousadjectiveUS /ˈspeɪʃəs/

very large in expanse or scope

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

splendidadjectiveUS /ˈsplendɪd/

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

statuenounUS /ˈstætʃuː/

a sculpture representing a human or animal

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading The piazza at Lucca is surrounded by four avenues of plane-trees.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CLUB AT LUCCA.

Trenta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here Cesare Trenta had flourished.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Facing the west is the ducal palace, a spacious modern building, in which the sovereigns of Lucca kept a splendid court.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In the centre stands the colossal statue of a Bourbon with disheveled hair, a cornucopia at her feet.

Chapter 24 of The Italians: A Novel by Frances Minto Dickinson Elliot holds 435 sentences, grouped into 87 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 24 of The Italians: A Novel contain?

Chapter 24 holds 435 sentences of The Italians: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 87 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 24 of The Italians: A Novel by Frances Minto Dickinson Elliot exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 435 sentences, grouped into 87 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 24 of The Italians: A Novel?

Work through the 87 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 87 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 24 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 24 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Italians: A Novel

Common questions about reading The Italians: A Novel by Frances Minto Dickinson Elliot on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Italians: A Novel?

Yes. All 8182 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12385 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Italians: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12385, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Italians: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1637 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Italians: A Novel section by section

How to work through The Italians: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of The Italians: A Novel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Italians: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Italians: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cathedral
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lucca
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Martino
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stands
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.