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The Italians: A Novel
The Italians: A Novel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Italians: A Novel is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Italians: A Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TO BE, OR NOT TO BE?
When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.
The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.
It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.
With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Italians: A Novel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Italians: A Novel is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TO BE, OR NOT TO BE?
/tuː biː ɔːr nɑːt tuː biː/
Line 2
When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.
Line 3
The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.
Line 4
It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.
Line 5
With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

delight verb US /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading “The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.”

knocked verb US /nɑːkt/

past form of “knock” — deliver a sharp blow or push

From this reading “When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.”

lying noun US /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading “With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.”

message noun US /ˈmesədʒ/

a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled

From this reading “When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.”

possessed adjective US /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading “The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.”

rare adjective US /rer/

not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading “It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.”

sudden adjective US /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading “The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.”

summons noun US /ˈsʌmənz/

a request to be present

From this reading “The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

Angelo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

auntnounUS /ænt/

the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

BEauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading TO BE, OR NOT TO BE?

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

Enrica

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

Enrica's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

Fra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

knockedverbUS /nɑːkt/

past form of “knock” — deliver a sharp blow or push

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

lipsnounUS /lɪps/

plural of “lip” — either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

messagenounUS /ˈmesədʒ/

a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

Nobili

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

NOTadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading TO BE, OR NOT TO BE?

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

ORconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading TO BE, OR NOT TO BE?

Pacifico's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

Pipanoun

type genus of the Pipidae

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

rareadjectiveUS /rer/

not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

suddenadjectiveUS /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

summonsnounUS /ˈsʌmənz/

a request to be present

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading It was so rare for her aunt to send for her she must be going to tell her something about Nobili.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading TO BE, OR NOT TO BE?

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

unmeaningadjective

without meaning

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading With his name upon her lips, Enrica started up from the chair on which she had been half lying, and ran toward the door.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading The summons was so sudden Enrica had no time to think, but a wild, unmeaning delight possessed her.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading When Angelo knocked at Enrica's door, Pipa, who was with her, opened it, and gave her Fra Pacifico's message.

Chapter 31 of The Italians: A Novel by Frances Minto Dickinson Elliot holds 179 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Italians: A Novel contain?

Chapter 31 holds 179 sentences of The Italians: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Italians: A Novel by Frances Minto Dickinson Elliot exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 179 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Italians: A Novel?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Italians: A Novel

Common questions about reading The Italians: A Novel by Frances Minto Dickinson Elliot on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Italians: A Novel?

Yes. All 8182 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12385 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Italians: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12385, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Italians: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1637 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Italians: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Italians: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Italians: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cathedral
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lucca
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Martino
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stands
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Italians: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.