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The Jungle
The Jungle

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of The Jungle is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Jungle
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.
He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.
There were new men every week, it seemedit was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.
Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.
And how very cunning a trick was that!
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Jungle

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of The Jungle is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.
Line 2
He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.
/hiː dɪd nɑːt meɪk soʊ mʌtʃ ˌhaʊˈevər æz hiː hæd ðə ˈpriːviəs ˈsʌmər fɔːr ðə ˈpækərz tʊk ɑːn mɔːr hændz/
Line 3
There were new men every week, it seemedit was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.
Line 4
Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.
/ˈsuːnər ɔːr ˈleɪtər baɪ ðɪs plæn ðeɪ wʊd hæv ɔːl ðə ˈfloʊtɪŋ ˈleɪbər ʌv ʃəˈkɑːɡoʊ treɪnd tuː duː ðer wɜːrk/
Line 5
And how very cunning a trick was that!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

activity noun US /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading “During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.”

Chicago noun US /ʃəˈkɑːɡoʊ/

largest city in Illinois; a bustling Great Lakes port that extends 26 miles along the southwestern shoreline of Lake Michigan

From this reading “Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.”

cunning adjective US /ˈkʌnɪŋ/

attractive especially by means of smallness or prettiness or quaintness

From this reading “And how very cunning a trick was that!”

floating adjective US /ˈfloʊtɪŋ/

borne up by or suspended in a liquid

From this reading “Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.”

packers noun US /ˈpækərz/

plural of “packer” — a workman employed to pack things into containers

From this reading “He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.”

packing noun US /ˈpækɪŋ/

any material used especially to protect something

From this reading “During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.”

slack adjective US /slæk/

not tense or taut

From this reading “There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.”

trained adjective US /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading “Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

ChicagonounUS /ʃəˈkɑːɡoʊ/

largest city in Illinois; a bustling Great Lakes port that extends 26 miles along the southwestern shoreline of Lake Michigan

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

cunningadjectiveUS /ˈkʌnɪŋ/

attractive especially by means of smallness or prettiness or quaintness

From this reading And how very cunning a trick was that!

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

floatingadjectiveUS /ˈfloʊtɪŋ/

borne up by or suspended in a liquid

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And how very cunning a trick was that!

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

Jurgis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

labornounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

packersnounUS /ˈpækərz/

plural of “packer” — a workman employed to pack things into containers

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

packingnounUS /ˈpækɪŋ/

any material used especially to protect something

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

slackadjectiveUS /slæk/

not tense or taut

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

SooneradverbUS /ˈsuːnər/

comparatives of “soon” or “early”

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading He did not make so much, however, as he had the previous summer, for the packers took on more hands.

trainedadjectiveUS /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

tricknounUS /trɪk/

a cunning or deceitful action or device

From this reading And how very cunning a trick was that!

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading And how very cunning a trick was that!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading During the summer the packing houses were in full activity again, and Jurgis made more money.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Sooner or later, by this plan, they would have all the floating labor of Chicago trained to do their work.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading There were new men every week, it seemed—it was a regular system; and this number they would keep over to the next slack season, so that every one would have less than ever.

Chapter 11 of The Jungle by Upton Sinclair holds 147 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of The Jungle contain?

Chapter 11 holds 147 sentences of The Jungle, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of The Jungle by Upton Sinclair exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 147 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of The Jungle?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Jungle

Common questions about reading The Jungle by Upton Sinclair on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Jungle?

Yes. All 6384 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #140 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Jungle is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #140, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Jungle take to read?

About 532 minutes of reading across 1277 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Jungle section by section

How to work through The Jungle section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of The Jungle to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Jungle

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Jungle, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Clock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ceremony
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carriages
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Began
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.