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The Jungle
The Jungle

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Jungle is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.
It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.
At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.
No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.
He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his placethat is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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The Jungle

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Jungle is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.
Line 2
It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.
/ɪt wɑːz ə ˈveri ˈɑːbstənət spreɪn ðə ˈswelɪŋ wʊd nɑːt ɡoʊ daʊn ənd ðə peɪn stɪl kənˈtɪnjuːd/
Line 3
At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.
/æt ðə end ʌv ðæt taɪm ˌhaʊˈevər hiː kʊd kənˈteɪn hɪmˈself noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ənd bɪˈɡæn ˈtraɪɪŋ tuː wɔːk ə ˈlɪtəl ˈevəri deɪ ˈleɪbərɪŋ tuː pərˈsweɪd hɪmˈself ðæt hiː wɑːz ˈbetər/
Line 4
No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.
/noʊ ˈɑːrɡjəmənts kʊd stɑːp hɪm ənd θriː ɔːr fɔːr deɪz ˈleɪtər hiː dɪˈklerd ðæt hiː wɑːz ˈɡoʊɪŋ bæk tuː wɜːrk/
Line 5
He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his placethat is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

boss noun US /bɑːs/

a person who exercises control over workers

From this reading “He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.”

Brown's noun US /braʊnz/

possessive form of “brown” — an orange of low brightness and saturation

cars noun US /kɑːrz/

plural of “car” — a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading “He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.”

laboring adjective US /ˈleɪbərɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading “At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.”

limped verb US /lɪmpt/

past form of “limp” — walk impeded by some physical limitation or injury

From this reading “He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.”

obstinate adjective US /ˈɑːbstənət/

tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

From this reading “It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.”

sprain verb US /spreɪn/

twist suddenly so as to sprain

From this reading “It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.”

swelling noun US /ˈswelɪŋ/

an abnormal protuberance or localized enlargement

From this reading “It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

argumentsnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənts/

plural of “argument” — a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

bossnounUS /bɑːs/

a person who exercises control over workers

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

Brown'snounUS /braʊnz/

possessive form of “brown” — an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

carsnounUS /kɑːrz/

plural of “car” — a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

containverbUS /kənˈteɪn/

include or contain; have as a component

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

declaredadjectiveUS /dɪˈklerd/

made known or openly avowed

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

devilnounUS /ˈdevəl/

(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

hiredadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪərd/

having services engaged for a fee

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

injurynounUS /ˈɪndʒəri/

any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

Jurgis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

laboringadjectiveUS /ˈleɪbərɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

limpedverbUS /lɪmpt/

past form of “limp” — walk impeded by some physical limitation or injury

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

meantimenounUS /ˈmiːntaɪm/

the time between one event, process, or period and another

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

obstinateadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbstənət/

tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

painnounUS /peɪn/

a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

persuadeverbUS /pərˈsweɪd/

win approval or support for

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

sprainverbUS /spreɪn/

twist suddenly so as to sprain

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

swellingnounUS /ˈswelɪŋ/

an abnormal protuberance or localized enlargement

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading At the end of that time, however, he could contain himself no longer, and began trying to walk a little every day, laboring to persuade himself that he was better.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading For three weeks after his injury Jurgis never got up from bed.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

willingadjectiveUS /ˈwɪlɪŋ/

disposed or inclined toward

From this reading He limped to the cars and got to Brown’s, where he found that the boss had kept his place—that is, was willing to turn out into the snow the poor devil he had hired in the meantime.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading No arguments could stop him, and three or four days later he declared that he was going back to work.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It was a very obstinate sprain; the swelling would not go down, and the pain still continued.

Chapter 12 of The Jungle by Upton Sinclair holds 108 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Jungle contain?

Chapter 12 holds 108 sentences of The Jungle, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Jungle by Upton Sinclair exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 108 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Jungle?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Jungle

Common questions about reading The Jungle by Upton Sinclair on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Jungle?

Yes. All 6384 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #140 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Jungle is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #140, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Jungle take to read?

About 532 minutes of reading across 1277 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Jungle section by section

How to work through The Jungle section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of The Jungle to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Jungle

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Jungle, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Clock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ceremony
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carriages
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Began
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.