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The Jungle
The Jungle

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of The Jungle is here in full — 276 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Jungle
Context Illustration Reading 1/55 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.
To his sentence there were added court costs of a dollar and a halfhe was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.
Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him thisonly after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.
Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hopeand was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.
So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Jungle

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of The Jungle is here in full — 276 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/55 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.
Line 2
To his sentence there were addedcourt costsof a dollar and a halfhe was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.
Line 3
Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him thisonly after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.
Line 4
Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hopeand was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.
Line 5
So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clang noun US /klæŋ/

a loud resonant repeating noise

From this reading “So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.”

costs noun US /kɑːsts/

pecuniary reimbursement to the winning party for the expenses of litigation

From this reading “To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.”

counting noun US /ˈkaʊntɪŋ/

the act of counting; reciting numbers in ascending order

From this reading “Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.”

dollar noun US /ˈdɑːlər/

the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading “To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.”

fertilizer noun US /ˈfɜːrtəlaɪzər/

any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertile

From this reading “So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.”

garb noun US /ɡɑːrb/

clothing of a distinctive style or for a particular occasion

From this reading “So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.”

jail noun US /dʒeɪl/

a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence)

From this reading “To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.”

keeper noun US /ˈkiːpər/

someone in charge of other people

From this reading “Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

agonynounUS /ˈæɡ.ə.ni/

Extreme physical or mental suffering; intense anguish.

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

Bridewell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

clangnounUS /klæŋ/

a loud resonant repeating noise

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

clothingnounUS /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/

a covering designed to be worn on a person's body

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

concludedadjectiveUS /kənˈkluːdəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

costsnounUS /kɑːsts/

pecuniary reimbursement to the winning party for the expenses of litigation

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

countedverbUS /ˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “count” — determine the number or amount of

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

countingnounUS /ˈkaʊntɪŋ/

the act of counting; reciting numbers in ascending order

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

depthsnounUS /depθs/

(plural) the deepest and most remote part

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

despairnounUS /dɪˈsper/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

doffed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

dollarnounUS /ˈdɑːlər/

the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

fertilizernounUS /ˈfɜːrtəlaɪzər/

any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertile

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

garbnounUS /ɡɑːrb/

clothing of a distinctive style or for a particular occasion

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

heapnounUS /hiːp/

a collection of objects laid on top of each other

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

impatiencenounUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns/

a lack of patience; irritation with anything that causes delay

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

jailnounUS /dʒeɪl/

a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence)

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

Jurgis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

keepernounUS /ˈkiːpər/

someone in charge of other people

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

laughedverbUS /læft/

past form of “laugh” — produce laughter

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

NobodypronounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

protestnounUS /ˈproʊtest/

a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

puttingnounUS /ˈpʌtɪŋ/

hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

sentencenounUS /ˈsentəns/

a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So he doffed his prison garb, and put on his old fertilizer clothing, and heard the door of the prison clang behind him.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

sunkadjectiveUS /sʌŋk/

doomed to extinction

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Jurgis did not get out of the Bridewell quite as soon as he had expected.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

toilverbUS /tɔɪl/

work hard

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

venturedverbUS /ˈventʃərd/

past form of “venture” — proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Nobody had taken the trouble to tell him this—only after counting the days and looking forward to the end in an agony of impatience, when the hour came that he expected to be free he found himself still set at the stone heap, and laughed at when he ventured to protest.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading To his sentence there were added “court costs” of a dollar and a half—he was supposed to pay for the trouble of putting him in jail, and not having the money, was obliged to work it off by three days more of toil.

wrongadjectiveUS /rɔːŋ/

not correct; not in conformity with fact or truth

From this reading Then he concluded he must have counted wrong; but as another day passed, he gave up all hope—and was sunk in the depths of despair, when one morning after breakfast a keeper came to him with the word that his time was up at last.

Chapter 18 of The Jungle by Upton Sinclair holds 276 sentences, grouped into 56 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of The Jungle contain?

Chapter 18 holds 276 sentences of The Jungle, unabridged, divided into 56 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of The Jungle by Upton Sinclair exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 276 sentences, grouped into 56 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of The Jungle?

Work through the 56 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 56 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Jungle

Common questions about reading The Jungle by Upton Sinclair on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Jungle?

Yes. All 6384 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #140 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Jungle is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #140, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Jungle take to read?

About 532 minutes of reading across 1277 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Jungle section by section

How to work through The Jungle section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of The Jungle to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Jungle

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Jungle, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Clock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ceremony
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carriages
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Began
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Jungle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.