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The Junior Classics, Volume 1
The Junior Classics, Volume 1

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Junior Classics, Volume 1 is here in full — 143 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.
In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.
Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.
At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.
Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Junior Classics, Volume 1

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Junior Classics, Volume 1 is here in full — 143 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.
/hɪz ˈbrʌðərz ˈhævɪŋ hɜːrd ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈdʒʌdʒmənt ðə fɔːrθ wʌn went tuː ber ðə ˈpenəlti ʌv ðə lɔː ənd wɑːz ˈloʊərd ˈɪntuː ðə ˈketəl ʌv ˈbɔɪlɪŋ ɔɪl/
Line 2
In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.
Line 3
Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.
/ˈfaɪndɪŋ ðæt hiː kʊd nɑːt biː fraɪd hiː wɑːz rɪˈmændɪd tuː ˈprɪzən/
Line 4
At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.
/æt ðɪs ðə ˈpɑːpjələs ðə bərˈiːvd ˈperənts ənd ðə ˈmædʒəstreɪt dʒɔɪnd ɪn æn ˈefərt tuː ˌɪnˈvent ə ʃʊr ˈmeθəd ʌv ˈpʌtɪŋ hɪm tuː deθ/
Line 5
Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.
/ˈwɔːtər ˈfaɪər ənd sɔːrd ɔːl ˈhævɪŋ feɪld ðeɪ ˈfaɪnəli fɪkst əˈpɑːn ˈsmʌðərɪŋ hɪm ɪn ə væst kriːm keɪk/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bereaved noun US /bərˈiːvd/

a person who has suffered the death of someone they loved

From this reading “At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.”

executioners noun US /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃənərz/

plural of “executioner” — an official who inflicts capital punishment in pursuit of a warrant

From this reading “In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.”

fried adjective US /fraɪd/

cooked by frying in fat

From this reading “Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.”

invent verb US /ˌɪnˈvent/

come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading “At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.”

populace noun US /ˈpɑːpjələs/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading “At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.”

remanded verb US /rɪˈmændɪd/

past form of “remand” — refer (a matter or legal case) to another committee or authority or court for decision

From this reading “Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.”

smothering adjective US /ˈsmʌðərɪŋ/

causing difficulty in breathing especially through lack of fresh air and presence of heat

From this reading “Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.”

tepid adjective US /ˈtepɪd/

moderately warm

From this reading “In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

bathnounUS /bæθ/

a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

bereavednounUS /bərˈiːvd/

a person who has suffered the death of someone they loved

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

boilingnounUS /ˈbɔɪlɪŋ/

the application of heat to change something from a liquid to a gas

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

cakenounUS /keɪk/

a block of solid substance (such as soap or wax)

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.

creamnounUS /kriːm/

the best people or things in a group

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

disported

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

executionersnounUS /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃənərz/

plural of “executioner” — an official who inflicts capital punishment in pursuit of a warrant

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

finallyadverbUS /ˈfaɪnəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

FindingnounUS /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/

the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

From this reading Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

fourthnounUS /fɔːrθ/

following the third position; number four in a countable series

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

friedadjectiveUS /fraɪd/

cooked by frying in fat

From this reading Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

increasenounUS /ˌɪnˈkriːs/

a quantity that is added

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

inventverbUS /ˌɪnˈvent/

come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

joinedadjectiveUS /dʒɔɪnd/

of or relating to two people who are married to each other

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

judgmentnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/

an opinion formed by judging something

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

kettlenounUS /ˈketəl/

a metal pot for stewing or boiling; usually has a lid

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

latestadjectiveUS /ˈleɪtəst/

up to the immediate present; most recent or most up-to-date

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

loweredadjectiveUS /ˈloʊərd/

below the surround or below the normal position

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

magistratenounUS /ˈmædʒəstreɪt/

a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

methodnounUS /ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

oilnounUS /ɔɪl/

A viscous liquid derived from petroleum or plants, stored in large earthen jars.

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

parentsnounUS /ˈperənts/

plural of “parent” — a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

penaltynounUS /ˈpenəlti/

the act of punishing

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

populacenounUS /ˈpɑːpjələs/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.

puttingnounUS /ˈpʌtɪŋ/

hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

remandedverbUS /rɪˈmændɪd/

past form of “remand” — refer (a matter or legal case) to another committee or authority or court for decision

From this reading Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.

smotheringadjectiveUS /ˈsmʌðərɪŋ/

causing difficulty in breathing especially through lack of fresh air and presence of heat

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

stirverbUS /stɜːr/

move an implement through

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading At this the populace, the bereaved parents, and the magistrate joined in an effort to invent a sure method of putting him to death.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

tepidadjectiveUS /ˈtepɪd/

moderately warm

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Finding that he could not be fried, he was remanded to prison.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

warmthnounUS /wɔːrmθ/

the sensation caused by heat energy

From this reading In this he disported himself as if in a tepid bath, and he even asked his executioners to stir up the fire a little to increase the warmth.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

WaternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Water, fire, and sword all having failed, they finally fixed upon smothering him in a vast cream cake.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading His brothers having heard the latest judgment, the fourth one went to bear the penalty of the law and was lowered into the kettle of boiling oil.

Chapter 20 of The Junior Classics, Volume 1 by William [Editor] Patten holds 143 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Junior Classics, Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 20 holds 143 sentences of The Junior Classics, Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Junior Classics, Volume 1 by William [Editor] Patten exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 143 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Junior Classics, Volume 1?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Junior Classics, Volume 1

Common questions about reading The Junior Classics, Volume 1 by William [Editor] Patten on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Junior Classics, Volume 1?

Yes. All 6269 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3152 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Junior Classics, Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3152, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Junior Classics, Volume 1 take to read?

About 522 minutes of reading across 1254 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Junior Classics, Volume 1 section by section

How to work through The Junior Classics, Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Junior Classics, Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Junior Classics, Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Fairy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Junior Classics, Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wonder
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Junior Classics, Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tales
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Junior Classics, Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Purpose
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Junior Classics, Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.