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The Kentuckian in New-York
The Kentuckian in New-York

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Kentuckian in New-York is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Kentuckian in New-York
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
B. RANDOLPH TO V. CHEVILLERE.
"Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.
"DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.
Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!
These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Kentuckian in New-York

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Kentuckian in New-York is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
B. RANDOLPH TO V. CHEVILLERE.
Line 2
"Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.
Line 3
"DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.
/dɪr tʃʌm ðə ˈdezərts ʌv ˈæfrəkɑː ɑːr nɑːt tuː biː kəmˈperd fɔːr ˈloʊnlinəs tuː ə saʊθ ˌkeroʊˈlɪniən swɑːmp/
Line 4
Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!
/oʊ ðə ˈkʌmfərts ənd ˈblesɪŋz ʌv ə ˈkɔːrdərɔɪ ˈtɜːrnpaɪk/
Line 5
These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.
/ðiːz juː noʊ ɑːr meɪd ʌv poʊlz leɪd daʊn ɪn ðə ˈbɑːtəm ʌv ðə swɑːmps fɔːr ə roʊd ɪn ˈhʌmbəl ˌɪməˈteɪʃən ʌv ðæt seɪm moʊst ˈdʊrəbəl web/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Carolina noun US /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading “"Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.”

Carolinian noun US /ˌkeroʊˈlɪniən/

a native or resident of the Carolinas

From this reading “"DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.”

corduroy noun US /ˈkɔːrdərɔɪ/

a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton

From this reading “Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!”

deserts noun US /ˈdezərts/

plural of “desert” — arid land with little or no vegetation

From this reading “"DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.”

durable adjective US /ˈdʊrəbəl/

existing for a long time

From this reading “These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.”

swamps noun US /swɑːmps/

plural of “swamp” — low land that is seasonally flooded; has more woody plants than a marsh and better drainage than a bog

From this reading “These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.”

turnpike noun US /ˈtɜːrnpaɪk/

(from 16th to 19th centuries) gates set across a road to prevent passage until a toll had been paid

From this reading “Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!”

web noun US /web/

an intricate network suggesting something that was formed by weaving or interweaving

From this reading “These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

High Hills adjective + noun counted as “high hill”

In this reading “"Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

AfricanounUS /ˈæfrəkɑː/

the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading B. RANDOLPH TO V. CHEVILLERE.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

Belville

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.

blessingsnounUS /ˈblesɪŋz/

plural of “blessing” — the formal act of approving

From this reading Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

CarolinanounUS /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading "Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.

CaroliniannounUS /ˌkeroʊˈlɪniən/

a native or resident of the Carolinas

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

CHEVILLERE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading B. RANDOLPH TO V. CHEVILLERE.

CHUMnounUS /tʃʌm/

a close friend who accompanies his buddies in their activities

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

comfortsnounUS /ˈkʌmfərts/

things that make you comfortable and at ease

From this reading Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

corduroynounUS /ˈkɔːrdərɔɪ/

a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton

From this reading Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

desertsnounUS /ˈdezərts/

plural of “desert” — arid land with little or no vegetation

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

durableadjectiveUS /ˈdʊrəbəl/

existing for a long time

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

HighadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading "Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.

HillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading "Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.

humbleadjectiveUS /ˈhʌmbəl/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

imitationnounUS /ˌɪməˈteɪʃən/

the doctrine that representations of nature or human behavior should be accurate imitations

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

lonelinessnounUS /ˈloʊnlinəs/

the state of being alone in solitary isolation

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.

OhnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!

polesnounUS /poʊlz/

plural of “pole” — a long (usually round) rod of wood or metal or plastic

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

RANDOLPH

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading B. RANDOLPH TO V. CHEVILLERE.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading "Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

Santeenoun

a member of the eastern branch of the Sioux

From this reading "Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

swampverbUS /swɑːmp/

drench or submerge or be drenched or submerged

From this reading "DEAR CHUM, "The deserts of Africa are not to be compared, for loneliness, to a South Carolinian swamp.

swampsnounUS /swɑːmps/

plural of “swamp” — low land that is seasonally flooded; has more woody plants than a marsh and better drainage than a bog

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Belville, High Hills of the Santee, S. Carolina.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading B. RANDOLPH TO V. CHEVILLERE.

turnpikenounUS /ˈtɜːrnpaɪk/

(from 16th to 19th centuries) gates set across a road to prevent passage until a toll had been paid

From this reading Oh! the comforts and blessings of a corduroy turnpike!

VnounUS /viː/

a unit of potential equal to the potential difference between two points on a conductor carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated between the two points is 1 watt

From this reading B. RANDOLPH TO V. CHEVILLERE.

webnounUS /web/

an intricate network suggesting something that was formed by weaving or interweaving

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading These, you know, are made of poles laid down in the bottom of the swamps for a road, in humble imitation of that same most durable web.

Chapter 8 of The Kentuckian in New-York by William Alexander Caruthers holds 102 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Kentuckian in New-York contain?

Chapter 8 holds 102 sentences of The Kentuckian in New-York, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Kentuckian in New-York by William Alexander Caruthers exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 102 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Kentuckian in New-York?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Kentuckian in New-York

Common questions about reading The Kentuckian in New-York by William Alexander Caruthers on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Kentuckian in New-York?

Yes. All 1988 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36613 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Kentuckian in New-York is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36613, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Kentuckian in New-York take to read?

About 165 minutes of reading across 398 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Kentuckian in New-York section by section

How to work through The Kentuckian in New-York section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 19 chapters of The Kentuckian in New-York to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Kentuckian in New-York

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Kentuckian in New-York, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Towards
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Kentuckian in New-York; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Latter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Kentuckian in New-York; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Summer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Kentuckian in New-York; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Those
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Kentuckian in New-York; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.