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The Knights of the Cross
The Knights of the Cross

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Knights of the Cross is here in full — 771 sentences across 155 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/154 · 5 lines
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The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.
On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.
The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.
After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.
Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Knights of the Cross

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Knights of the Cross is here in full — 771 sentences across 155 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/154 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.
Line 2
On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.
Line 3
The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.
Line 4
After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.
Line 5
Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

endeavored verb US /ɪnˈdevərd/

past form of “endeavor” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading “After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.”

Krakow noun US /ˈkrɑːkaʊ/

an industrial city in southern Poland on the Vistula

From this reading “After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.”

opportunities noun US /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnətiz/

plural of “opportunity” — a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading “After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.”

Pan verb US /pæn/

make a sweeping movement

performing noun US /pərˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

the performance of a part or role in a drama

From this reading “The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.”

regretting verb US /rɪˈɡretɪŋ/

inflected form of “regret” — feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about

From this reading “On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.”

separating verb US /ˈsepəreɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “separate” — act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading “After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.”

uneasily adverb US /əˈniːzəli/

with anxiety or apprehension

From this reading “Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

avoidverbUS /əˈvɔɪd/

stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

betrayverbUS /bɪˈtreɪ/

reveal unintentionally

From this reading Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

contraryadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːntreri/

very opposed in nature or character or purpose

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.

Danusia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

difficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

endeavoredverbUS /ɪnˈdevərd/

past form of “endeavor” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

endedadjectiveUS /ˈendəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

gloomyadjectiveUS /ˈɡluːmi/

depressingly dark

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

horsebacknounUS /ˈhɔːrsbæk/

the back of a horse

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

Jurand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

Jurand's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.

kindlyadjectiveUS /ˈkaɪndli/

showing or motivated by sympathy and understanding and generosity

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

knightnounUS /naɪt/

originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

KrakownounUS /ˈkrɑːkaʊ/

an industrial city in southern Poland on the Vistula

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

opportunitiesnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnətiz/

plural of “opportunity” — a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

PanverbUS /pæn/

make a sweeping movement

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

performingnounUS /pərˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

the performance of a part or role in a drama

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

preventverbUS /prɪˈvent/

keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

princessnounUS /ˈprɪn.ses/

The daughter of a monarch; a female member of a royal family.

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

refuseverbUS /rəˈfjuːz/

show unwillingness towards

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

regrettingverbUS /rɪˈɡretɪŋ/

inflected form of “regret” — feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

renderverbUS /ˈrendər/

cause to become

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

requestverbUS /rɪˈkwest/

express the need or desire for

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

separatingverbUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “separate” — act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

servicesnounUS /ˈsɜːrvəsəz/

performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

Spychow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading After they started from Krakow, there were plenty of opportunities during the journey, because both accompanied the princess on horseback; but as soon as Zbyszko endeavored to learn something about the secret difficulties separating him from Danusia, the conversation was suddenly ended.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.

uneasilyadverbUS /əˈniːzəli/

with anxiety or apprehension

From this reading Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On the contrary, Zbyszko noticed that the gloomy _Pan_ of Spychow looked at him kindly, as if he were regretting that he had been obliged to refuse his request.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.

wlodyka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Jurand's face became gloomy, and he looked at Zbyszko uneasily as if he were afraid he would betray himself.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The young _wlodyka_ tried several times to have some conversation with him.

Zbyszko

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day Jurand did not avoid Zbyszko at all; and he did not prevent him from performing for Danusia, during the journey, those different services which, being her knight, he was obliged to render her.

Chapter 8 of The Knights of the Cross by Henryk Sienkiewicz holds 771 sentences, grouped into 155 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Knights of the Cross contain?

Chapter 8 holds 771 sentences of The Knights of the Cross, unabridged, divided into 155 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Knights of the Cross by Henryk Sienkiewicz exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 771 sentences, grouped into 155 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Knights of the Cross?

Work through the 155 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 155 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Knights of the Cross

Common questions about reading The Knights of the Cross by Henryk Sienkiewicz on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Knights of the Cross?

Yes. All 12683 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9473 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Knights of the Cross is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #9473, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Knights of the Cross take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2537 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Knights of the Cross section by section

How to work through The Knights of the Cross section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Knights of the Cross to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Knights of the Cross

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Knights of the Cross, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tyniec
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Knights of the Cross; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Under
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Knights of the Cross; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dreadful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Knights of the Cross; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Belonged
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Knights of the Cross; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.