Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

later than; following

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

plural of “bundle” — a collection of things wrapped or boxed together

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

a covering designed to be worn on a person's body

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

plural of “coat” — an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

placed crosswise

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

traveling across

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

send away towards a designated goal

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

past form of “emerge” — come out into view, as from concealment

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

divisible by two

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

plural of “expedition” — a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

with no protection or shield

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

in a hurried or hasty manner

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

the back of a horse

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

a native or inhabitant of Lithuania

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

past form of “march” — march in a procession

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At nightfall they arrived at the Niemen.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading At nightfall they arrived at the Niemen.

not one, and not any

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

and nothing more

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

flexible twig of a willow tree

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

plural of “river” — a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

the season of growth

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

cooked in steam

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

plural of “swamp” — low land that is seasonally flooded; has more woody plants than a marsh and better drainage than a bog

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

in the direction of

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

up to a particular time

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

a formal word for “on”

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

precisely as stated

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

plural of “volunteer” — (military) a person who freely enlists for service

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The crossing of the great river at that place, swollen in the spring, was not an easy matter.

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

at the time that

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

in or at the place that

From this reading They arrived very early at Niewiazy where they crossed the river, some on horseback, some upon bundles of osier.

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

in the company of; together with

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When they emerged from the river none had taken off his wet clothing, not even the sheep and wolfskin coats, but exposed themselves to the rays of the sun until they steamed like pitch-burners, and after a short rest they marched hastily toward the north.

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Everything went with such dispatch that Macko, Zbyszko, Hlawa and the Mazovian volunteers were astonished at the skilfulness of the people; only then they understood why neither woods, nor swamps, nor rivers could prevent Lithuanian expeditions.