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The Laird of Norlaw
The Laird of Norlaw

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Laird of Norlaw is here in full — 153 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
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The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.
Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.
The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.
This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.
He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Laird of Norlaw

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Laird of Norlaw is here in full — 153 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.
Line 2
Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.
Line 3
The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.
Line 4
This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.
Line 5
He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attic noun US /ˈætɪk/

floor consisting of open space at the top of a house just below roof; often used for storage

From this reading “The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.”

chill noun US /tʃɪl/

coldness due to a cold environment

From this reading “Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.”

depression noun US /dɪˈpreʃən/

a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity

From this reading “This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.”

dismal adjective US /ˈdɪzməl/

causing dejection

From this reading “Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.”

musing noun US /ˈmjuːzɪŋ/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading “This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.”

stealing noun US /ˈstiːlɪŋ/

the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading “Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.”

uneasiness noun US /ˌʌˈniːzinəs/

feelings of anxiety that make you tense and irritable

From this reading “This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.”

vane noun US /veɪn/

mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind

From this reading “The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

gray dawn noun + noun

In this reading “Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.”

set off verb + particle

put in motion or move to act

In this reading “Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.”

first ray adjective + noun

In this reading “The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.”

put out verb + adjective

to cause inconvenience or discomfort to

In this reading “Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.”

fit of verb + particle

In this reading “This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

atticnounUS /ˈætɪk/

floor consisting of open space at the top of a house just below roof; often used for storage

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

breakings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

burnedadjectiveUS /bɜːrnd/

treated by heating to a high temperature but below the melting or fusing point

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

Cameron

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

chillnounUS /tʃɪl/

coldness due to a cold environment

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

companionsnounUS /kəmˈpænjənz/

plural of “companion” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

consciousnessnounUS /ˈkɑːnʃəsnəs/

an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

Cosmo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

dawnnounUS /dɔːn/

the first light of day

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

depressionnounUS /dɪˈpreʃən/

a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

dismaladjectiveUS /ˈdɪzməl/

causing dejection

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

dwelling-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

endurableadjective

capable of being borne though unpleasant

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

feelingsnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋz/

emotional or moral sensitivity (especially in relation to personal principles or dignity)

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

fitverbUS /fɪt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

gleamverbUS /ɡliːm/

be shiny, as if wet

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

glimmered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

lad's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

lightsnounUS /laɪts/

plural of “light” — (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

MadamenounUS /ˈmædəm/

title used for a married Frenchwoman

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

musingnounUS /ˈmjuːzɪŋ/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

partings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

raynounUS /reɪ/

a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

recalledverbUS /rɪˈkɔːld/

past form of “recall” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

Roche

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

solitaryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləteri/

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

stealingnounUS /ˈstiːlɪŋ/

the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

sunshinenounUS /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/

the rays of the sun

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

uneasinessnounUS /ˌʌˈniːzinəs/

feelings of anxiety that make you tense and irritable

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

vagueadjectiveUS /veɪɡ/

not clearly expressed or understood

From this reading This gleam recalled the lad’s imagination from a musing fit of vague depression and uneasiness.

vanenounUS /veɪn/

mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

watchedverbUS /wɑːtʃt/

past form of “watch” — look attentively

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He must now think no more of Cameron--no more of those strange breakings off and partings which are in life.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Very early, while it was still dark, Cosmo saw his companions set off on their journey home, and was left to the cold dismal consciousness of a solitary day just beginning, as he watched the lights put out, and the chill gray dawn stealing over the high houses.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading The first ray of sunshine glimmered upon the attic windows and burned red in the vane over the dwelling-place of Madame Roche.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading The morning brought feelings a little more endurable, yet still, very far from pleasant.

Chapter 31 of The Laird of Norlaw by Mrs. (Margaret) Oliphant holds 153 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Laird of Norlaw contain?

Chapter 31 holds 153 sentences of The Laird of Norlaw, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Laird of Norlaw by Mrs. (Margaret) Oliphant exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 153 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Laird of Norlaw?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Laird of Norlaw

Common questions about reading The Laird of Norlaw by Mrs. (Margaret) Oliphant on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Laird of Norlaw?

Yes. All 5834 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #54053 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Laird of Norlaw is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #54053, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Laird of Norlaw take to read?

About 486 minutes of reading across 1167 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Laird of Norlaw section by section

How to work through The Laird of Norlaw section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Laird of Norlaw to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Laird of Norlaw

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Laird of Norlaw, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Laird
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Laird of Norlaw; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Norlaw
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Laird of Norlaw; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scottish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Laird of Norlaw; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Laird of Norlaw; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.