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The Lancashire Witches
The Lancashire Witches

Chapter XL · Chapter 40

Chapter 40 of The Lancashire Witches is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Lancashire Witches
Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"
Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.
It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.
Leaving her alone within the turret, the jailer locks the door and stands outside it.
The lady casts a long, lingering look around.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Lancashire Witches

Chapter XL · Chapter 40

Chapter 40 of The Lancashire Witches is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"
Line 2
Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.
Line 3
It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.
Line 4
Leaving her alone within the turret, the jailer locks the door and stands outside it.
/ˈliːvɪŋ hɜːr əˈloʊn wɪˈðɪn ðə ˈtɜːrət ðə ˈdʒeɪlər lɑːks ðə dɔːr ənd stændz ˈaʊtˈsaɪd ɪt/
Line 5
The lady casts a long, lingering look around.
/ðə ˈleɪdi kæsts ə lɔːŋ ˈlɪŋɡərɪŋ lʊk ərˈaʊnd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

casts noun US /kæsts/

plural of “cast” — the actors in a play

From this reading “The lady casts a long, lingering look around.”

fabric noun US /ˈfæbrɪk/

artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading “Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"”

ignominious adjective US /ˌɪɡnəˈmɪniəs/

(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame

From this reading “It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.”

jailer noun US /ˈdʒeɪlər/

someone who guards prisoners

From this reading “Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.”

Lancaster noun US /ˈlænkæstər/

a city in northwestern England

From this reading “Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"”

rebuilt verb US /riˈbɪlt/

inflected form of “rebuild” — build again

From this reading “Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"”

turret noun US /ˈtɜːrət/

a small tower extending above a building

From this reading “Leaving her alone within the turret, the jailer locks the door and stands outside it.”

turrets noun US /ˈtɜːrəts/

plural of “turret” — a small tower extending above a building

From this reading “Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Leaving her alone within the turret, the jailer locks the door and stands outside it.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading The lady casts a long, lingering look around.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

beautiesnounUS /ˈbjuːtiz/

plural of “beauty” — the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

BeholdverbUS /bɪˈhoʊld/

see with attention

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

castsnounUS /kæsts/

plural of “cast” — the actors in a play

From this reading The lady casts a long, lingering look around.

ChairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

condemnedverbUS /kənˈdemd/

past form of “condemn” — express strong disapproval of

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading Leaving her alone within the turret, the jailer locks the door and stands outside it.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

eventidenoun

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

executionnounUS /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

fabricnounUS /ˈfæbrɪk/

artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

GauntadjectiveUS /ɡɔːnt/

very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

Gaunt's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

giantnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

grimadjectiveUS /ɡrɪm/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

ignominiousadjectiveUS /ˌɪɡnəˈmɪniəs/

(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

jailernounUS /ˈdʒeɪlər/

someone who guards prisoners

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

LancasternounUS /ˈlænkæstər/

a city in northwestern England

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

LeavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Leaving her alone within the turret, the jailer locks the door and stands outside it.

lingeringnounUS /ˈlɪŋɡərɪŋ/

the act of tarrying

From this reading The lady casts a long, lingering look around.

locksnounUS /lɑːks/

plural of “lock” — a fastener fitted to a door or drawer to keep it firmly closed

From this reading Leaving her alone within the turret, the jailer locks the door and stands outside it.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The lady casts a long, lingering look around.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

morrownounUS /ˈmɑːroʊ/

the next day

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading Leaving her alone within the turret, the jailer locks the door and stands outside it.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

prisonernounUS /ˈprɪzənər/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

rebuiltverbUS /riˈbɪlt/

inflected form of “rebuild” — build again

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

strengthenedadjectiveUS /ˈstreŋθənd/

given added strength or support

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

sunsetnounUS /ˈsʌnset/

the time in the evening at which the sun begins to fall below the horizon

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

time-honour'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Behold the grim and giant fabric, rebuilt and strengthened by "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster!"

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

turretnounUS /ˈtɜːrət/

a small tower extending above a building

From this reading Leaving her alone within the turret, the jailer locks the door and stands outside it.

turretsnounUS /ˈtɜːrəts/

plural of “turret” — a small tower extending above a building

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It is the last sunset she will ever see--the last time she will look upon the beauties of earth; for she is a prisoner, condemned to die an ignominious and terrible death, and her execution will take place on the morrow.

WithinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Within one of its turrets called John of Gaunt's Chair, and at eventide, stands a lady under the care of a jailer.

Chapter 40 of The Lancashire Witches by William Harrison Ainsworth holds 71 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 40 of The Lancashire Witches contain?

Chapter 40 holds 71 sentences of The Lancashire Witches, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 40 of The Lancashire Witches by William Harrison Ainsworth exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 71 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 40 of The Lancashire Witches?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 40 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 40 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Lancashire Witches

Common questions about reading The Lancashire Witches by William Harrison Ainsworth on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Lancashire Witches?

Yes. All 10993 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15493 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Lancashire Witches is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15493, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Lancashire Witches take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2199 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Lancashire Witches section by section

How to work through The Lancashire Witches section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Lancashire Witches to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Lancashire Witches

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Lancashire Witches, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Demdike
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lancashire Witches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lancashire Witches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Further
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lancashire Witches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stopping
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lancashire Witches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.