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The Land of Desolation
The Land of Desolation

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Land of Desolation is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
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THE RUINS OF ERICSFIORD.
We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.
Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.
To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.
Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Land of Desolation

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Land of Desolation is here in full — 62 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE RUINS OF ERICSFIORD.
Line 2
We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.
Line 3
Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.
Line 4
To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.
Line 5
Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

altitude noun US /ˈæltətuːd/

elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface

From this reading “Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.”

cliffs noun US /klɪfs/

plural of “cliff” — a steep high face of rock

From this reading “Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.”

colonies noun US /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading “Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.”

destination noun US /ˌdestəˈneɪʃən/

the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)

From this reading “We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.”

extensive adjective US /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading “We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.”

flourished verb US /ˈflɜːrɪʃt/

past form of “flourish” — grow vigorously

From this reading “Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.”

ruins noun US /ˈruːənz/

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading “THE RUINS OF ERICSFIORD.”

separates noun US /ˈsepəreɪts/

plural of “separate” — a separately printed article that originally appeared in a larger publication

From this reading “To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fifteen hundred noun + noun

In this reading “Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.”

green slope noun + noun

In this reading “We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.”

hundred feet noun + noun counted as “hundred foot”

In this reading “Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.”

north side noun + noun

the side that is on the north

In this reading “We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.”

on the north preposition + article + noun counted as “on … north”

In this reading “We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.”

from the bank preposition + article + noun counted as “from … bank”

In this reading “Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

AboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

altitudenounUS /ˈæltətuːd/

elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

approachedverbUS /əˈproʊtʃt/

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

BeyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

Brattahlid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.

cliffsnounUS /klɪfs/

plural of “cliff” — a steep high face of rock

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

coloniesnounUS /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.

destinationnounUS /ˌdestəˈneɪʃən/

the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

ERICSFIORD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RUINS OF ERICSFIORD.

extensiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

fiordnoun

a long narrow inlet of the sea between steep cliffs; common in Norway

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

flourishedverbUS /ˈflɜːrɪʃt/

past form of “flourish” — grow vigorously

From this reading Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

Gardar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE RUINS OF ERICSFIORD.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

perpendicularlyadverb

straight up or down without a break

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

quarternounUS /ˈkwɔːrtər/

one of four equal parts

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

rangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

reachingnounUS /ˈriːtʃɪŋ/

the act of physically reaching or thrusting out

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

RUINSnounUS /ˈruːənz/

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading THE RUINS OF ERICSFIORD.

separatesnounUS /ˈsepəreɪts/

plural of “separate” — a separately printed article that originally appeared in a larger publication

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

slopenounUS /sloʊp/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE RUINS OF ERICSFIORD.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Beyond these once flourished the colonies of Brattahlid and Gardar.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Above this slope, and from a quarter to half a mile from the bank, the cliffs rise perpendicularly to an altitude of fifteen hundred feet.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading To our right, as we approached, rose a lofty range of hills, which separates the two branches of the fiord.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We were not long now in reaching our destination, which was the foot of the extensive green slope on the north side of the fiord.

Chapter 8 of The Land of Desolation by I. I. (Isaac Israel) Hayes holds 62 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Land of Desolation contain?

Chapter 8 holds 62 sentences of The Land of Desolation, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Land of Desolation by I. I. (Isaac Israel) Hayes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 62 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Land of Desolation?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Land of Desolation

Common questions about reading The Land of Desolation by I. I. (Isaac Israel) Hayes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Land of Desolation?

Yes. All 3145 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59217 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Land of Desolation is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59217, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Land of Desolation take to read?

About 262 minutes of reading across 629 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Land of Desolation section by section

How to work through The Land of Desolation section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Land of Desolation to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Land of Desolation

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Land of Desolation, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Land of Desolation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Personal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Land of Desolation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Narrative
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Land of Desolation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Observation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Land of Desolation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.