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The Last Galley
The Last Galley

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Last Galley is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
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We are here,” said Celticus boldly, as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”
He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.
We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.
We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”
Are not our laws just?” asked the Governor.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Last Galley

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Last Galley is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”
Line 2
He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.
/hiː pɔːzd æz ɪf əˈweɪtɪŋ sʌm ˈaʊtbɜːrst æz æn ˈænsər tuː hɪz oʊn təˈmerəti bʌt ðə ˈɡʌvərnər ˈmɪrli ˈnɑːdəd hɪz hed æz ə saɪn ðæt hiː ʃʊd prəˈsiːd/
Line 3
We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.
/wiː hæd lɔːz ʌv ˈaʊər oʊn bɪˈfɔːr ˈevər ˈsiːzər set fʊt ɪn ˈbrɪtən wɪtʃ hæv sɜːrvd ðer ˈpɜːrpəs sɪns fɜːrst ˈaʊər ˈfɔːrfɑːðərz keɪm frʌm ðə lænd ʌv hæm/
Line 4
We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”
Line 5
Are not our laws just?” asked the Governor.
/ɑːr nɑːt ˈaʊər lɔːz dʒʌst æskt ðə ˈɡʌvərnər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

forefathers noun US /ˈfɔːrfɑːðərz/

plural of “forefather” — the founder of a family

From this reading ““We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.”

govern verb US /ˈɡʌvərn/

bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations

From this reading ““We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.””

outburst noun US /ˈaʊtbɜːrst/

an unrestrained expression of emotion

From this reading “He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.”

Senate noun US /ˈsenət/

assembly possessing high legislative powers

From this reading ““We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.””

spokesmen noun US /ˈspoʊksmɪn/

plural of “spokesman” — a male spokesperson

From this reading ““We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.””

temerity noun US /təˈmerəti/

fearless daring

From this reading “He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.”

traditions noun US /trəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “tradition” — an inherited pattern of thought or action

From this reading “We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.””

yoke noun US /joʊk/

fabric comprising a fitted part at the top of a garment

From this reading “We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.””

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

allowingverbUS /əˈlaʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

answerverbUS /ˈænsər/

react verbally

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading “Are not our laws just?” asked the Governor.

awaitingverbUS /əˈweɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “await” — look forward to the probable occurrence of

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

boldlyadverbUS /ˈboʊldli/

with boldness, in a bold manner

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

BritainnounUS /ˈbrɪtən/

a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; “Great Britain” is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

CaesarnounUS /ˈsiːzər/

conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

Celticus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

fellow-countrymen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

forefathersnounUS /ˈfɔːrfɑːðərz/

plural of “forefather” — the founder of a family

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

galledadjective

painful from having the skin abraded

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

governverbUS /ˈɡʌvərn/

bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

GovernornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

HamnounUS /hæm/

meat cut from the thigh of a hog (usually smoked)

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading “Are not our laws just?” asked the Governor.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

nationsnounUS /ˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

noddedverbUS /ˈnɑːdəd/

inflected form of “nod” — express or signify by nodding

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

outburstnounUS /ˈaʊtbɜːrst/

an unrestrained expression of emotion

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

pausedverbUS /pɔːzd/

past form of “pause” — interrupt temporarily an activity before continuing

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

petitionnounUS /pəˈtɪʃən/

a formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

policynounUS /ˈpɑːləsi/

a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

proceedverbUS /prəˈsiːd/

continue talking

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

SenatenounUS /ˈsenət/

assembly possessing high legislative powers

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

sendingnounUS /ˈsendɪŋ/

the act of causing something to go (especially messages)

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

servedverbUS /sɜːrvd/

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

signnounUS /saɪn/

a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

spokesmennounUS /ˈspoʊksmɪn/

plural of “spokesman” — a male spokesperson

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

temeritynounUS /təˈmerəti/

fearless daring

From this reading He paused, as if awaiting some outburst as an answer to his own temerity; but the Governor merely nodded his head as a sign that he should proceed.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

traditionsnounUS /trəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “tradition” — an inherited pattern of thought or action

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

urgeverbUS /ɜːrdʒ/

force or impel in an indicated direction

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading “We had laws of our own before ever Caesar set foot in Britain, which have served their purpose since first our forefathers came from the land of Ham.

yokenounUS /joʊk/

fabric comprising a fitted part at the top of a garment

From this reading We are not a child among the nations, but our history goes back in our own traditions--further even than that of Rome, and we are galled by this yoke which you have laid upon us.”

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “We are here,” said Celticus boldly, “as the spokesmen of a great number of our fellow-countrymen, for the purpose of sending our petition through you to the Emperor and to the Roman Senate, that we may urge upon them the policy of allowing us to govern this country after our own ancient fashion.”

Chapter 4 of The Last Galley by Arthur Conan Doyle holds 402 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Last Galley contain?

Chapter 4 holds 402 sentences of The Last Galley, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Last Galley by Arthur Conan Doyle exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 402 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Last Galley?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Last Galley

Common questions about reading The Last Galley by Arthur Conan Doyle on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Last Galley?

Yes. All 4408 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8727 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Last Galley is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8727, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Last Galley take to read?

About 367 minutes of reading across 882 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Last Galley section by section

How to work through The Last Galley section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Last Galley

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Last Galley, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Written
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Last Galley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Impressions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Last Galley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tales
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Last Galley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Title-page
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Last Galley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.