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The Last Shot
The Last Shot

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Last Shot is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Last Shot
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.
"But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."
There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.
"The business of a soldier is to risk death in the way he is told.
The keener he is for his cause the better.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Last Shot

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Last Shot is here in full — 410 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.
Line 2
"But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."
/bʌt ˈæftər ðæt kʌm mərˈæl ənd ðə saɪˈkɑːlədʒi ʌv ðə ˈsoʊldʒər/
Line 3
There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.
/ðer hiː ʃrʌɡd ˈslaɪtli ɪn ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən ʌv ə rɪˈzentmənt æt ðə ˈhændikæp ʌv ˈhjuːmən ˈneɪtʃər ɪn hɪz wɜːrk/
Line 4
"The business of a soldier is to risk death in the way he is told.
/ðə ˈbɪznəs ʌv ə ˈsoʊldʒər ɪz tuː rɪsk deθ ɪn ðə weɪ hiː ɪz toʊld/
Line 5
The keener he is for his cause the better.
/ðə ˈkiːnər hiː ɪz fɔːr hɪz kɑːz ðə ˈbetər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

centralized adjective US /ˈsentrəlaɪzd/

drawn toward a center or brought under the control of a central authority

From this reading “"Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.”

Drill verb US /drɪl/

make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool

From this reading “"Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.”

handicap noun US /ˈhændikæp/

the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness

From this reading “There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.”

high-spirited adjective US /ˌhaɪˈspɪrɪdɪd/

joyously unrestrained

From this reading “"Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.”

indication noun US /ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən/

something that serves to indicate or suggest

From this reading “There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.”

keener adjective US /ˈkiːnər/

comparative of “keen” — having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading “The keener he is for his cause the better.”

morale noun US /mərˈæl/

a state of individual psychological well-being based upon a sense of confidence and usefulness and purpose

From this reading “"But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."”

psychology noun US /saɪˈkɑːlədʒi/

the science of mental life

From this reading “"But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."”

All words in this reading · 48

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading "But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

aristocracynounUS /ˌerəˈstɑːkrəsi/

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

authoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading The keener he is for his cause the better.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading "The business of a soldier is to risk death in the way he is told.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading The keener he is for his cause the better.

centralizedadjectiveUS /ˈsentrəlaɪzd/

drawn toward a center or brought under the control of a central authority

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading "But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading "The business of a soldier is to risk death in the way he is told.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

DrillverbUS /drɪl/

make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The keener he is for his cause the better.

handicapnounUS /ˈhændikæp/

the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

high-spiritedadjectiveUS /ˌhaɪˈspɪrɪdɪd/

joyously unrestrained

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

indicationnounUS /ˌɪndəˈkeɪʃən/

something that serves to indicate or suggest

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "The business of a soldier is to risk death in the way he is told.

keeneradjectiveUS /ˈkiːnər/

comparative of “keen” — having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading The keener he is for his cause the better.

moralenounUS /mərˈæl/

a state of individual psychological well-being based upon a sense of confidence and usefulness and purpose

From this reading "But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

organizationnounUS /ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃən/

a group of people who work together

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

psychologynounUS /saɪˈkɑːlədʒi/

the science of mental life

From this reading "But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."

resentmentnounUS /rɪˈzentmənt/

a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

risknounUS /rɪsk/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading "The business of a soldier is to risk death in the way he is told.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

shruggedverbUS /ʃrʌɡd/

inflected form of “shrug” — raise one's shoulders to indicate indifference or resignation

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

slightlyadverbUS /ˈslaɪtli/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

soldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading "But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "But after that come morale and the psychology of the soldier."

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "The business of a soldier is to risk death in the way he is told.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading "The business of a soldier is to risk death in the way he is told.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading "The business of a soldier is to risk death in the way he is told.

Westerling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Drill, organization, discipline, and centralized authority and a high-spirited aristocracy of officers are most important," said Westerling.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading There he shrugged slightly, in indication of a resentment at the handicap of human nature in his work.

Chapter 7 of The Last Shot by Frederick Palmer holds 410 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Last Shot contain?

Chapter 7 holds 410 sentences of The Last Shot, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Last Shot by Frederick Palmer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 410 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Last Shot?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Last Shot

Common questions about reading The Last Shot by Frederick Palmer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Last Shot?

Yes. All 10678 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13738 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Last Shot is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13738, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Last Shot take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2136 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Last Shot section by section

How to work through The Last Shot section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of The Last Shot to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Last Shot

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Last Shot, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Last Shot; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Last Shot; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Experience
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Last Shot; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Under
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Last Shot; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.