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The Last Straw
The Last Straw

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Last Straw is here in full — 665 sentences across 133 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Last Straw
Context Illustration Reading 1/133 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.
Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.
Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!
"There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.
"No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Last Straw

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Last Straw is here in full — 665 sentences across 133 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/133 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.
Line 2
Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.
Line 3
Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!
Line 4
"There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.
Line 5
"No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Analog noun US /ˈænəlɔːɡ/

something having the property of being analogous to something else

From this reading “This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.”

copyright noun US /ˈkɑːpiraɪt/

a document granting exclusive right to publish and sell literary or musical or artistic work

From this reading “Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.”

defects noun US /ˈdiːfekts/

plural of “defect” — an imperfection in a bodily system

From this reading “"No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!”

hypotheses noun US /haɪˈpɑːθəsiːz/

plural of “hypothesis” — a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations

From this reading “Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!”

rational adjective US /ˈræʃ.ən.əl/

Based on or in accordance with reason or logic rather than turbulent emotions.

From this reading “Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!”

research noun US /riˈsɜːrtʃ/

systematic investigation to establish facts

From this reading “Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.”

sabotage noun US /ˈsæbətɑːʒ/

a deliberate act of destruction or disruption in which equipment is damaged

From this reading “"No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!”

uncover verb US /ənˈkʌvər/

remove all or part of one's clothes to show one's body

From this reading “Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

any evidence adjective + noun

In this reading “Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.”

finger on verb + particle

In this reading “"No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1963

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

AnalognounUS /ˈænəlɔːɡ/

something having the property of being analogous to something else

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

aren't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

certaintynounUS /ˈsɜːrtənti/

the state of being certain

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

controlledadjectiveUS /kənˈtroʊld/

restrained or managed or kept within certain bounds

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

copyrightnounUS /ˈkɑːpiraɪt/

a document granting exclusive right to publish and sell literary or musical or artistic work

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

defectsnounUS /ˈdiːfekts/

plural of “defect” — an imperfection in a bodily system

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

etext

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

exactlyadverbUS /ɪɡˈzæktli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

experimentnounUS /ɪkˈsperəmənt/

the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

ExtensiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

FactnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

FictionnounUS /ˈfɪkʃən/

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

fingerverbUS /ˈfɪŋɡər/

feel or handle with the fingers

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

hypothesesnounUS /haɪˈpɑːθəsiːz/

plural of “hypothesis” — a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

Kessler

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

logicaladjectiveUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

capable of or reflecting the capability for correct and valid reasoning

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

mechanicaladjectiveUS /məˈkænɪkəl/

using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

murderverbUS /ˈmɜːrdər/

kill intentionally and with premeditation

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

pinverbUS /pɪn/

to hold fast or prevent from moving

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

publicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

rationaladjectiveUS /ˈræʃ.ən.əl/

Based on or in accordance with reason or logic rather than turbulent emotions.

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

renewedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnuːd/

restored to a new condition

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

researchnounUS /riˈsɜːrtʃ/

systematic investigation to establish facts

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

sabotagenounUS /ˈsæbətɑːʒ/

a deliberate act of destruction or disruption in which equipment is damaged

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

schemesnounUS /skiːmz/

plural of “scheme” — an elaborate and systematic plan of action

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

SciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

suicidenounUS /ˈsuːəsaɪd/

the act of killing yourself

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

There's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Some hypotheses are rational-- if not logical--but, by their nature, aren't exactly open to controlled experiment!

UnounUS /juː/

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

uncoververbUS /ənˈkʌvər/

remove all or part of one's clothes to show one's body

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This etext was produced from Analog Science Fact & Fiction September 1963.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

we're

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "No mechanical defects that we're sure of, no sabotage we can put our finger on, no murder or suicide schemes, nothing!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "There's absolutely nothing we can pin it down to with any real certainty," Kessler said.

Chapter 1 of The Last Straw by William J. Smith holds 665 sentences, grouped into 133 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Last Straw contain?

Chapter 1 holds 665 sentences of The Last Straw, unabridged, divided into 133 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Last Straw by William J. Smith exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 665 sentences, grouped into 133 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Last Straw?

Work through the 133 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 133 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Last Straw

Common questions about reading The Last Straw by William J. Smith on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Last Straw?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Last Straw is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Last Straw take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Last Straw section by section

How to work through The Last Straw section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of The Last Straw to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Last Straw

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Last Straw, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Last Straw, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The Last Straw, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The Last Straw, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.