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The Law and the Lady
The Law and the Lady

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Law and the Lady is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The same evening I received my abstract by the hands of a clerk.
It was an intensely characteristic document.
My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.
In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.
I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Law and the Lady

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Law and the Lady is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The same evening I received myabstractby the hands of a clerk.
/ðə seɪm ˈiːvnɪŋ aɪ rəˈsiːvd maɪ æbˈstrækt baɪ ðə hændz ʌv ə klɜːrk/
Line 2
It was an intensely characteristic document.
/ɪt wɑːz æn ˌɪnˈtensli ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk ˈdɑːkjəment/
Line 3
My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.
Line 4
In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.
Line 5
I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.
/aɪ ɔːt tuː hæv ˈbetər noʊn ðə ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndənt huːm aɪ hæd tuː diːl wɪð/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abstract verb US /æbˈstrækt/

consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically

From this reading “The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.”

correspondent noun US /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndənt/

someone who communicates by means of letters

From this reading “I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.”

document noun US /ˈdɑːkjəment/

writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading “It was an intensely characteristic document.”

downward adjective US /ˈdaʊnwərd/

extending or moving from a higher to a lower place

From this reading “My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.”

expenditure noun US /ɪkˈspendətʃər/

money paid out; an amount spent

From this reading “My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.”

intensely adverb US /ˌɪnˈtensli/

to a high degree; extremely; in high concentration or density

From this reading “It was an intensely characteristic document.”

nicety noun US /ˈnaɪsɪti/

conformity with some esthetic standard of correctness or propriety

From this reading “My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.”

pence noun US /pens/

plural of “penny” — a fractional monetary unit of Ireland and the United Kingdom; equal to one hundredth of a pound

From this reading “My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

abstractverbUS /æbˈstrækt/

consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

amountnounUS /əˈmaʊnt/

a quantity of money

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It was an intensely characteristic document.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.

burdennounUS /ˈbɜːrdən/

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

calculatedadjectiveUS /ˈkælkjəleɪtɪd/

carefully thought out in advance

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading It was an intensely characteristic document.

checkverbUS /tʃek/

examine so as to determine accuracy, quality, or condition

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

clerknounUS /klɜːrk/

an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

correspondentnounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndənt/

someone who communicates by means of letters

From this reading I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.

documentnounUS /ˈdɑːkjəment/

writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading It was an intensely characteristic document.

downwardadjectiveUS /ˈdaʊnwərd/

extending or moving from a higher to a lower place

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

expenditurenounUS /ɪkˈspendətʃər/

money paid out; an amount spent

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

expensesnounUS /ɪkˈspensəz/

plural of “expense” — amounts paid for goods and services that may be currently tax deductible (as opposed to capital expenditures)

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

figuresnounUS /ˈfɪɡjərz/

plural of “figure” — a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

increasingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/

becoming greater or larger

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

indicatedverbUS /ˈɪndəkeɪtəd/

past form of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

instructionsnounUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌkʃənz/

a manual usually accompanying a technical device and explaining how to install or operate it

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

intenselyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈtensli/

to a high degree; extremely; in high concentration or density

From this reading It was an intensely characteristic document.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was an intensely characteristic document.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

mercynounUS /ˈmɜːrsi/

leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

messenger's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

nicetynounUS /ˈnaɪsɪti/

conformity with some esthetic standard of correctness or propriety

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

pencenounUS /pens/

plural of “penny” — a fractional monetary unit of Ireland and the United Kingdom; equal to one hundredth of a pound

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

Playmore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

reducedadjectiveUS /rəˈduːst/

made less in size or amount or degree

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

remorselesslyadverb

without pity; in a merciless manner

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

shillingsnounUS /ˈʃɪlɪŋz/

plural of “shilling” — the basic unit of money in Uganda; equal to 100 cents

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

slightlyadverbUS /ˈslaɪtli/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The same evening I received my “abstract” by the hands of a clerk.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was an intensely characteristic document.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading My expenses were remorselessly calculated downward to shillings and even to pence; and our unfortunate messenger’s instructions in respect to his expenditure were reduced to a nicety which must have made his life in America nothing less than a burden to him.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I ought to have better known the correspondent whom I had to deal with.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading In mercy to the man, I took the liberty, when I wrote back to Mr. Playmore, of slightly increasing the indicated amount of the figures which were to appear on the check.

Chapter 34 of The Law and the Lady by Wilkie Collins holds 110 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of The Law and the Lady contain?

Chapter 34 holds 110 sentences of The Law and the Lady, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of The Law and the Lady by Wilkie Collins exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 110 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of The Law and the Lady?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Law and the Lady

Common questions about reading The Law and the Lady by Wilkie Collins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Law and the Lady?

Yes. All 9493 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1622 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Law and the Lady is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1622, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Law and the Lady take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1899 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Law and the Lady

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Law and the Lady, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Manner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Law and the Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Women
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Law and the Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trusted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Law and the Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Adorned
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Law and the Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.