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The Lay of the Cid
The Lay of the Cid

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Lay of the Cid is here in full — 360 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/72 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.
Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.
Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.
No man born of woman has ever plucked that beard.
Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Lay of the Cid

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Lay of the Cid is here in full — 360 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/72 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.
Line 2
Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.
/sɪns ˈtendərli aɪ kept ɪt ɪz maɪ bɪrd ɡroʊn soʊ lɔːŋ/
Line 3
Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.
/kaʊnt seɪ wʌt ɪz ðə ˈriːzən ðæt ðaʊ dɑːst maɪ bɪrd ðɪs rɔːŋ ðæt sɪns ɪts fɜːrst ɡroʊθ ˈevər hæz bɪn soʊ ˈdʒentli rɪrd/
Line 4
No man born of woman has ever plucked that beard.
/noʊ mæn bɔːrn ʌv ˈwʊmən hæz ˈevər plʌkt ðæt bɪrd/
Line 5
Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dost auxiliary verb US /dɑːst/

an old form of “do”, used with “thou”

From this reading “Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.”

gripped verb US /ɡrɪpt/

inflected form of “grip” — hold fast or firmly

From this reading “And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.”

growth noun US /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading “Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.”

Moor verb US /mʊr/

secure in or as if in a berth or dock

From this reading “Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.”

plucked adjective US /plʌkt/

of a stringed instrument; sounded with the fingers or a plectrum

From this reading “No man born of woman has ever plucked that beard.”

reared verb US /rɪrd/

past form of “rear” — stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds

From this reading “Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.”

tenderly adverb US /ˈtendərli/

with tenderness; in a tender manner

From this reading “Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.”

torn adjective US /tɔːrn/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading “Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

beardnounUS /bɪrd/

the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading No man born of woman has ever plucked that beard.

Cabra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

Campeador

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

CastlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

dostauxiliary verbUS /dɑːst/

an old form of “do”, used with “thou”

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

e'eradverb

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

EarthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

gentlyadverbUS /ˈdʒentli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

glorynounUS /ˈɡlɔːri/

a state of high honor

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

grippedverbUS /ɡrɪpt/

inflected form of “grip” — hold fast or firmly

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

growthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

HeavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading No man born of woman has ever plucked that beard.

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

MoorverbUS /mʊr/

secure in or as if in a berth or dock

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No man born of woman has ever plucked that beard.

NorconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading No man born of woman has ever plucked that beard.

ohnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

pluckedadjectiveUS /plʌkt/

of a stringed instrument; sounded with the fingers or a plectrum

From this reading No man born of woman has ever plucked that beard.

rearedverbUS /rɪrd/

past form of “rear” — stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

ruleth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

tenderlyadverbUS /ˈtendərli/

with tenderness; in a tender manner

From this reading Since tenderly I kept it, is my beard grown so long.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

thereupon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

thinepronounUS /ðaɪn/

an old word for “yours”

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

thoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

tornadjectiveUS /tɔːrn/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Nor has son of Moor or Christian e'er torn that beard of mine, As once in Cabra Castle I did, oh Count, to thine, When at one time on Cabra and thy beard my hand I set.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading And thereupon the Campeador his beard in hand gripped he: "To God who ruleth Heaven and the whole Earth glory be.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading No man born of woman has ever plucked that beard.

wrongadjectiveUS /rɔːŋ/

not correct; not in conformity with fact or truth

From this reading Count, say what is the reason, that thou dost my beard this wrong, That since its first growth ever has been so gently reared.

Chapter 8 of The Lay of the Cid by R. Selden (Robert Selden) [Translator] Rose holds 360 sentences, grouped into 72 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Lay of the Cid contain?

Chapter 8 holds 360 sentences of The Lay of the Cid, unabridged, divided into 72 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Lay of the Cid by R. Selden (Robert Selden) [Translator] Rose exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 360 sentences, grouped into 72 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Lay of the Cid?

Work through the 72 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 72 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Lay of the Cid

Common questions about reading The Lay of the Cid by R. Selden (Robert Selden) [Translator] Rose on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Lay of the Cid?

Yes. All 2938 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6088 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Lay of the Cid is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6088, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Lay of the Cid take to read?

About 244 minutes of reading across 588 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Lay of the Cid section by section

How to work through The Lay of the Cid section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Lay of the Cid

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Lay of the Cid, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Synopsis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lay of the Cid; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
National
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lay of the Cid; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lay of the Cid; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Written
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lay of the Cid; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.