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The Leader of the Lower School
The Leader of the Lower School

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The Leader of the Lower School is here in full — 209 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.
The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.
Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.
"You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.
"I'll make you see who is in authority here!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Leader of the Lower School

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The Leader of the Lower School is here in full — 209 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.
Line 2
The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.
Line 3
Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.
Line 4
"You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.
Line 5
"I'll make you see who is in authority here!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

condemnation noun US /ˌkɑːndəmˈneɪʃən/

an expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable

From this reading “Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.”

defying verb US /dɪˈfaɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “defy” — resist or confront with resistance

From this reading “Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.”

denials noun US /dɪˈnaɪəlz/

plural of “denial” — the act of refusing to comply (as with a request)

From this reading “The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.”

deviation noun US /ˌdiːviˈeɪʃən/

a variation that deviates from the standard or norm

From this reading “Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.”

effrontery noun US /ɪˈfrʌntəri/

audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to

From this reading “The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.”

reduce verb US /rəˈduːs/

cut down on; make a reduction in

From this reading “The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.”

stormed verb US /stɔːrmd/

past form of “storm” — behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading “"You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.”

summary noun US /ˈsʌməri/

a brief statement that presents the main points in a concise form

From this reading “Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

agitatedadjectiveUS /ˈædʒəteɪtɪd/

troubled emotionally and usually deeply

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

angernounUS /ˈæŋɡər/

a strong emotion; a feeling that is oriented toward some real or supposed grievance

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

authoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading "I'll make you see who is in authority here!

baynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.

condemnationnounUS /ˌkɑːndəmˈneɪʃən/

an expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

confessionnounUS /kənˈfeʃən/

an admission of misdeeds or faults

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

confinementnounUS /kənˈfaɪnmənt/

concluding state of pregnancy; from the onset of contractions to the birth of a child

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

deemedverbUS /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

defyingverbUS /dɪˈfaɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “defy” — resist or confront with resistance

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

denialsnounUS /dɪˈnaɪəlz/

plural of “denial” — the act of refusing to comply (as with a request)

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

detectedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtektəd/

perceived or discerned

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

deviationnounUS /ˌdiːviˈeɪʃən/

a variation that deviates from the standard or norm

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

dressing-room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

effronterynounUS /ɪˈfrʌntəri/

audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

facedadjectiveUS /feɪst/

having a face or facing especially of a specified kind or number; often used in combination

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

fierceadjectiveUS /fɪrs/

marked by extreme and violent energy

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

FriendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading "You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.

Gipsynoun

a laborer who moves from place to place as demanded by employment

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

girl'snounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

possessive form of “girl” — a young female

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading "I'll make you see who is in authority here!

I'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I'll make you see who is in authority here!

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

injusticenounUS /ˌɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/

an unjust act

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "I'll make you see who is in authority here!

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

lockedverbUS /lɑːkt/

past form of “lock” — fasten with a lock

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading "I'll make you see who is in authority here!

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

misdoings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

MISSverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

NeednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading "You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.

obstinacynounUS /ˈɑːbstənəsi/

the trait of being difficult to handle or overcome

From this reading "You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

overstrungadjective

being in a tense state

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

persistedverbUS /pərˈsɪstɪd/

past form of “persist” — continue to exist

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

PooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

POPPLETON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

PrincipalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

reduceverbUS /rəˈduːs/

cut down on; make a reduction in

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

regardedverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

past form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

repeatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈpiːtɪd/

recurring again and again

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading "I'll make you see who is in authority here!

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

solitaryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləteri/

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

spellverbUS /spel/

orally recite the letters of or give the spelling of

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

stickingadjectiveUS /ˈstɪkɪŋ/

extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

stormedverbUS /stɔːrmd/

past form of “storm” — behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading "You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.

stormyadjectiveUS /ˈstɔːrmi/

(especially of weather) affected or characterized by storms or commotion

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

stubbornadjectiveUS /ˈstʌbərn/

tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

submissionnounUS /səbˈmɪʃən/

something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition)

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

successfullyadverbUS /səkˈsesfəli/

with success; in a successful manner

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

summarynounUS /ˈsʌməri/

a brief statement that presents the main points in a concise form

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

versionnounUS /ˈvɜːrʒən/

an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A Friend in Need MISS POPPLETON, having, as she deemed, successfully detected Gipsy in her misdoings, was determined to force her into making a full confession.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "I'll make you see who is in authority here!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Poor Gipsy, agitated, overstrung, burning with a sense of fierce anger against the injustice of her summary condemnation, had faced the Principal almost like an animal at bay, and defying her utterly, had persisted in sticking without deviation to her own version of the story.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The girl's repeated denials she regarded as mere stubborn effrontery, and after several stormy scenes she had locked her up in the dressing-room, to try if a spell of solitary confinement would reduce her to submission.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "I'll make you see who is in authority here!

You'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "You'll gain nothing by this obstinacy!" stormed Miss Poppleton.

Chapter 17 of The Leader of the Lower School by Angela Brazil holds 209 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of The Leader of the Lower School contain?

Chapter 17 holds 209 sentences of The Leader of the Lower School, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of The Leader of the Lower School by Angela Brazil exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 209 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of The Leader of the Lower School?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Leader of the Lower School

Common questions about reading The Leader of the Lower School by Angela Brazil on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Leader of the Lower School?

Yes. All 3855 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #28854 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Leader of the Lower School is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #28854, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Leader of the Lower School take to read?

About 321 minutes of reading across 771 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Leader of the Lower School section by section

How to work through The Leader of the Lower School section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of The Leader of the Lower School to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Leader of the Lower School

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Leader of the Lower School, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Angela
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Leader of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brazil
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Leader of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Proved
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Leader of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Undoubted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Leader of the Lower School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.