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The leaf
The leaf

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The leaf is here in full — 101 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The leaf
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....
He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.
It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.
It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.
He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The leaf

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The leaf is here in full — 101 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....
Line 2
He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.
/hiː kʊd rɪˈmɛm.bər ðə ˌæftərˈnuːn æz ɪf ɪt wɜːr ˈjestərdeɪ/
Line 3
It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.
Line 4
It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.
Line 5
He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

balanced adjective US /ˈbælənst/

being in a state of proper equilibrium

From this reading “He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.”

fluttering noun US /ˈflʌtərɪŋ/

the motion made by flapping up and down

From this reading “It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.”

hickories noun US /ˈhɪkəriz/

plural of “hickory” — valuable tough heavy hardwood from various hickory trees

From this reading “He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.”

hickory noun US /ˈhɪkəri/

valuable tough heavy hardwood from various hickory trees

From this reading “He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.”

journeys noun US /ˈdʒɜːrniz/

plural of “journey” — the act of traveling from one place to another

From this reading “It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.”

shaggy adjective US /ˈʃæɡi/

used of hair; thick and poorly groomed

From this reading “He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.”

sprawled verb US /sprɔːld/

past form of “sprawl” — sit or lie with one's limbs spread out

From this reading “He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.”

squirrels noun US /ˈskwɜːrəlz/

plural of “squirrel” — a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail

From this reading “Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

desperate situation adjective + noun

In this reading “Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....”

several years adjective + noun

In this reading “It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.”

into the woods preposition + article + noun counted as “into … woods”

In this reading “He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.”

in the woods preposition + article + noun counted as “in … woods”

In this reading “Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....”

other days adjective + noun

In this reading “Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

22

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

actuallyadverbUS /ˈæktʃuːəli/

in actual fact

From this reading It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.

balancedadjectiveUS /ˈbælənst/

being in a state of proper equilibrium

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.

comfortablyadverbUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbli/

in mental comfort; without stress

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.

couldn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

desperateadjectiveUS /ˈdesprɪt/

arising from or marked by despair or loss of hope

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

earthward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

elevenadjectiveUS /ɪˈlevən/

being one more than ten

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

EvenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

flutteringnounUS /ˈflʌtərɪŋ/

the motion made by flapping up and down

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

hickoriesnounUS /ˈhɪkəriz/

plural of “hickory” — valuable tough heavy hardwood from various hickory trees

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

hickorynounUS /ˈhɪkəri/

valuable tough heavy hardwood from various hickory trees

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

incarnadineverb

make flesh-colored

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.

journeysnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrniz/

plural of “journey” — the act of traveling from one place to another

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

lazyadjectiveUS /ˈleɪzi/

moving slowly and gently

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

lovelyadjectiveUS /ˈlʌvli/

appealing to the emotions as well as the eye

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

memoriesnounUS /ˈmɛm.ə.riz/

Recollections of past events.

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.

shaggyadjectiveUS /ˈʃæɡi/

used of hair; thick and poorly groomed

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

shotnounUS /ʃɑːt/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

situationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

spoilverbUS /spɔɪl/

make a mess of, destroy or ruin

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

sprawledverbUS /sprɔːld/

past form of “sprawl” — sit or lie with one's limbs spread out

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

squirrelsnounUS /ˈskwɜːrəlz/

plural of “squirrel” — a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

trunknounUS /trʌŋk/

the main stem of a tree; usually covered with bark; the bole is usually the part that is commercially useful for lumber

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

wasn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It had been around the middle of autumn, about the time when the last incarnadine leaves were making their fluttering journeys earthward.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He had taken his .22 and gone into the woods where the hickory trees were, and he had settled himself comfortably against the shaggy trunk of one of the hickories, the .22 balanced across his sprawled knees.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading Even his present desperate situation couldn't spoil his memories of other days in the woods: like the lovely, lazy day he shot eleven squirrels....

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading It wasn't, of course--actually it had been several years back.

yesterdaynounUS /ˈjestərdeɪ/

the day immediately before today

From this reading He could remember the afternoon as if it were yesterday.

Chapter 1 of The leaf by Robert F. Young holds 101 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The leaf contain?

Chapter 1 holds 101 sentences of The leaf, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The leaf by Robert F. Young exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 101 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The leaf?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The leaf

Common questions about reading The leaf by Robert F. Young on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The leaf?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The leaf is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The leaf take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The leaf section by section

How to work through The leaf section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of The leaf to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The leaf

Words and structures a reader meets early in The leaf, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The leaf, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The leaf, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The leaf, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.