Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Lesser Bourgeoisie
The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Lesser Bourgeoisie
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?
The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.
He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.
The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.
He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?
Line 2
The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.
Line 3
He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.
/hiː ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd ˈðerfɔːr tuː teɪk hɪz fɜːrst step ɪn ðæt dərˈekʃən ˈfʊli ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ ðæt hiː kʊd nɑːt tuː ˈkerfəli ɑːrm hɪmˈself fɔːr ðə ˈɪntərvjuː tuː wɪtʃ ðə ˈkaʊntəs hæd ˌɪnˈvaɪtəd hɪm/
Line 4
The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.
Line 5
He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cabriolet noun US /ˌkæbrioʊˈleɪ/

small two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage; with two seats and a folding hood

From this reading “He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.”

calculator noun US /ˈkælkjəleɪtər/

an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)

From this reading “The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.”

curiosities noun US /ˌkjʊriˈɑːsətiz/

plural of “curiosity” — a state in which you want to learn more about something

From this reading “The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?”

latitudes noun US /ˈlætətuːdz/

plural of “latitude” — the angular distance between an imaginary line around a heavenly body parallel to its equator and the equator itself

From this reading “He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.”

option noun US /ˈɑːpʃən/

the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited

From this reading “The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?”

rainy adjective US /ˈreɪni/

(of weather) wet by periods of rain

From this reading “The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.”

tarnishing verb US /ˈtɑːrnɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “tarnish” — make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically

From this reading “The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.”

varnished adjective US /ˈvɑːrnɪʃt/

having a coating of stain or varnish

From this reading “The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

behaveverbUS /bɪˈheɪv/

behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

bootsnounUS /buːts/

plural of “boot” — footwear that covers the whole foot and lower leg

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

brilliancynoun

a quality that outshines the usual

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

cabrioletnounUS /ˌkæbrioʊˈleɪ/

small two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage; with two seats and a folding hood

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

calculatornounUS /ˈkælkjəleɪtər/

an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

Celeste

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

Comtesse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

conclusionnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

countessnounUS /ˈkaʊntəs/

female equivalent of a count or earl

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

curiositiesnounUS /ˌkjʊriˈɑːsətiz/

plural of “curiosity” — a state in which you want to learn more about something

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

d'Enfer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

elegantadjectiveUS /ˈeləɡənt/

refined and tasteful in appearance or behavior or style

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

fullyadverbUS /ˈfʊli/

to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

Godollo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

instinctnounUS /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/

inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

interviewverbUS /ˈɪntərvjuː/

conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

invitedverbUS /ˌɪnˈvaɪtəd/

past form of “invite” — increase the likelihood of

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

keenlyadverbUS /ˈkiːnli/

in a keen or penetrating way

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

lanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

latitudesnounUS /ˈlætətuːdz/

plural of “latitude” — the angular distance between an imaginary line around a heavenly body parallel to its equator and the equator itself

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

Madeleine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

mudnounUS /mʌd/

water soaked soil; soft wet earth

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

optionnounUS /ˈɑːpʃən/

the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

Peyrade

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

porternounUS /ˈpɔːrtər/

a person employed to carry luggage and supplies

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

problemnounUS /ˈprɑːbləm/

a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

rainyadjectiveUS /ˈreɪni/

(of weather) wet by periods of rain

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

ruenounUS /ruː/

European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

Saint-Dominique

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

tarnishingverbUS /ˈtɑːrnɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “tarnish” — make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

Theodose

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading He therefore sent his porter for a cabriolet, and about three o’clock in the afternoon he drove from the rue Saint-Dominique d’Enfer toward the elegant latitudes of the Madeleine.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

Torna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

understandingnounUS /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

the cognitive condition of someone who understands

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

undoubtedlyadverbUS /ənˈdaʊtɪdli/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

varnishedadjectiveUS /ˈvɑːrnɪʃt/

having a coating of stain or varnish

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The morning had been rainy, and this great calculator was, of course, not ignorant how much a spot of mud, tarnishing the brilliancy of varnished boots, could lower a man in the opinion of some.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He decided, therefore, to take his first step in that direction, fully understanding that he could not too carefully arm himself for the interview to which the countess had invited him.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The next day Theodose felt himself possessed by two curiosities: How would Celeste behave as to the option she had accepted? and this Comtesse Torna de Godollo, what did she mean by what she had said; and what did she want with him?

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading The first of these questions seemed, undoubtedly, to have the right of way, and yet, by some secret instinct, la Peyrade felt more keenly drawn toward the conclusion of the second problem.

Chapter 22 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie by Honoré de Balzac holds 127 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie contain?

Chapter 22 holds 127 sentences of The Lesser Bourgeoisie, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie by Honoré de Balzac exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 127 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Common questions about reading The Lesser Bourgeoisie by Honoré de Balzac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Lesser Bourgeoisie?

Yes. All 7414 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1641 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Lesser Bourgeoisie is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1641, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Lesser Bourgeoisie take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1483 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Lesser Bourgeoisie section by section

How to work through The Lesser Bourgeoisie section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of The Lesser Bourgeoisie to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Lesser Bourgeoisie, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tourniquet
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Saint-jean
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Narrow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.