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The Lesser Bourgeoisie
The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie is here in full — 195 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.
Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?
Did the affair get wind at the Palais?”
Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, there’s no question of that now.
The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie is here in full — 195 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.
Line 2
Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?
/wel sed ðə ˈlɪtəl oʊld mæn tuː ðə puːr mænz ˈbæŋkər wʌt ɪˈfekt dɪd ðə nuːz wiː ɡeɪv tuː ðə ˈprezədent ʌv ðə bɑːr prəˈduːs ɑːn ˈaʊər mæn/
Line 3
Did the affair get wind at the Palais?”
Line 4
Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.
Line 5
The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

banker noun US /ˈbæŋkər/

a financier who owns or is an executive in a bank

From this reading ““Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?”

eel noun US /iːl/

the fatty flesh of eel; an elongate fish found in fresh water in Europe and America; large eels are usually smoked or pickled

From this reading “The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.”

familiarity noun US /fəˌmɪˈljerəti/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading ““Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.”

footing noun US /ˈfʊtɪŋ/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading ““Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.”

intercourse noun US /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading ““Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.”

poisoning noun US /ˈpɔɪzənɪŋ/

the physiological state produced by a poison or other toxic substance

From this reading “THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.”

regeneration noun US /riˈdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

(biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs

From this reading “THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.”

softness noun US /ˈsɔːftnəs/

the property of giving little resistance to pressure and being easily cut or molded

From this reading “The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

affairnounUS /əˈfer/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Did the affair get wind at the Palais?”

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

ARTauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Did the affair get wind at the Palais?”

bankernounUS /ˈbæŋkər/

a financier who owns or is an executive in a bank

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

barnounUS /bɑːr/

a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

Cerizet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

communicationnounUS /kəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃən/

the activity of communicating; the activity of conveying information

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

DAYnounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

devilnounUS /ˈdevəl/

(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

du

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

eelnounUS /iːl/

the fatty flesh of eel; an elongate fish found in fresh water in Europe and America; large eels are usually smoked or pickled

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

familiaritynounUS /fəˌmɪˈljerəti/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

footingnounUS /ˈfʊtɪŋ/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

frequentverbUS /ˈfriːkwənt/

do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Did the affair get wind at the Palais?”

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

intercoursenounUS /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

lanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

Palais

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Did the affair get wind at the Palais?”

Peyrade

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

Phew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

POISONINGnounUS /ˈpɔɪzənɪŋ/

the physiological state produced by a poison or other toxic substance

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

Portail

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

presidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

produceverbUS /prəˈduːs/

bring forth or yield

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

regenerationnounUS /riˈdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

(biology) growth anew of lost tissue or destroyed parts or organs

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

SAMEadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

softnessnounUS /ˈsɔːftnəs/

the property of giving little resistance to pressure and being easily cut or molded

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

there's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

violencenounUS /ˈvaɪələns/

an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists)

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

WelladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading “Well,” said the little old man to the poor man’s banker, “what effect did the news we gave to the president of the bar produce on our man?

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading “Phew!” said Cerizet, whose intercourse, no doubt pretty frequent, with du Portail had put him on a footing of some familiarity with the old man, “there’s no question of that now.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading Did the affair get wind at the Palais?”

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE ART OF POISONING ON THE SAME DAY While this regeneration was going on, Cerizet went one morning to see du Portail, with whom la Peyrade was now more than ever determined to hold no communication.

wriggled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The eel has wriggled out of our hands; neither softness nor violence has any effect upon that devil of a man.

Chapter 28 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie by Honoré de Balzac holds 195 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie contain?

Chapter 28 holds 195 sentences of The Lesser Bourgeoisie, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie by Honoré de Balzac exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 195 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Common questions about reading The Lesser Bourgeoisie by Honoré de Balzac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Lesser Bourgeoisie?

Yes. All 7414 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1641 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Lesser Bourgeoisie is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1641, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Lesser Bourgeoisie take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1483 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Lesser Bourgeoisie section by section

How to work through The Lesser Bourgeoisie section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of The Lesser Bourgeoisie to begin.

  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Lesser Bourgeoisie, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tourniquet
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Saint-jean
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Narrow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.