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The Lesser Bourgeoisie
The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.
About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.
The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.
It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.
My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.
Line 2
About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.
Line 3
The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.
Line 4
It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.
Line 5
My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accomplish verb US /əˈkɑːmplɪʃ/

put in effect

From this reading “As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.”

anathema noun US /əˈnæθəmə/

a detested person

From this reading “It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.”

development noun US /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading “The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.”

historian noun US /hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading “As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.”

inexplicable adjective US /ˌɪnəkˈsplɪsəbəl/

incapable of being explained or accounted for

From this reading ““My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.”

salon noun US /səˈlɑːn/

gallery where works of art can be displayed

From this reading “The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.”

salvation noun US /sælˈveɪʃən/

(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil

From this reading “It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.”

welfare noun US /ˈwelfer/

governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need

From this reading “The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.”

All words in this reading · 116

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

AbbenounUS /ˈæbi/

a French abbot

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.

accomplishverbUS /əˈkɑːmplɪʃ/

put in effect

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

anathemanounUS /əˈnæθəmə/

a detested person

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

Brigitte's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

Celeste

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading “My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

divineadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪn/

emanating from God

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

eternaladjectiveUS /ɪˈtɜːrnəl/

continuing forever or indefinitely

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

exactadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzækt/

Strictly particular and correct.

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

failverbUS /feɪl/

fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

Felix

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.

girl-theologian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

Gondrin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.

historiannounUS /hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

holynounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

inexplicableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnəkˈsplɪsəbəl/

incapable of being explained or accounted for

From this reading “My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

justicenounUS /ˈdʒʌstəs/

the quality of being just or fair

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading “My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

MadamenounUS /ˈmædəm/

title used for a married Frenchwoman

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

Madeleine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

mid-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

mindsnounUS /maɪndz/

plural of “mind” — that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

OutadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.

Phellion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

piousadjectiveUS /ˈpaɪəs/

having or showing or expressing reverence for a deity

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

practising

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

priestnounUS /priːst/

a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

resolutionnounUS /ˌrezəˈluːʃən/

a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

salonnounUS /səˈlɑːn/

gallery where works of art can be displayed

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

salvationnounUS /sælˈveɪʃən/

(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

sayingnounUS /ˈseɪɪŋ/

a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

securitynounUS /sɪˈkjʊrəti/

the state of being free from danger or injury

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading “My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading “My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

soulsnounUS /soʊlz/

plural of “soul” — the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

surelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

Thuillier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading “My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

viaticum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading About mid-day the abbe received a visit in his own home from Madame Thuillier and Celeste.

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

welfarenounUS /ˈwelfer/

governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading As an exact historian, we must go back and begin the day at six in the morning, when we can see Madame Thuillier going to the Madeleine to hear the mass that the Abbe Gondrin was in the habit of saying at that hour, and afterwards approaching the holy table,--a viaticum which pious souls never fail to give themselves when it is in their minds to accomplish some great resolution.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading It seemed strange to the mind of this girl-theologian that, without practising religion, a soul could be received into grace by the divine justice; for surely the anathema is clear: Out of the Church there is no salvation.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading The poor child wanted a little development of the words by which the priest had given security, the evening before, in Brigitte’s salon, for the eternal welfare of Felix Phellion.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “My dear child,” said the Abbe Gondrin, “learn to understand that saying which seems to you so inexplicable.

Chapter 32 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie by Honoré de Balzac holds 424 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 32 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie contain?

Chapter 32 holds 424 sentences of The Lesser Bourgeoisie, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 32 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie by Honoré de Balzac exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 424 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 32 of The Lesser Bourgeoisie?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 32 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 32 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Common questions about reading The Lesser Bourgeoisie by Honoré de Balzac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Lesser Bourgeoisie?

Yes. All 7414 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1641 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Lesser Bourgeoisie is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1641, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Lesser Bourgeoisie take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1483 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Lesser Bourgeoisie section by section

How to work through The Lesser Bourgeoisie section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Lesser Bourgeoisie

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Lesser Bourgeoisie, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tourniquet
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Saint-jean
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Narrow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lesser Bourgeoisie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.