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The Letter of Credit
The Letter of Credit

Chapter XXIV

Chapter 24 of The Letter of Credit is here in full — 340 sentences across 68 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/68 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ROTHA'S REFUGE.
The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.
She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.
So Rotha thought.
She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Letter of Credit

Chapter XXIV

Chapter 24 of The Letter of Credit is here in full — 340 sentences across 68 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/68 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ROTHA'S REFUGE.
Line 2
The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.
Line 3
She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.
/ʃiː lʊkt kliːn tuː ˌɔːlˈðoʊ hɜːr dres wɑːz ˈsɜːrtənli dəˈlæpədeɪtɪd pərˈhæps ðæt wɑːz ɪˈkɑːnəmi ðoʊ ə ˈbetər ɪˈkɑːnəmi wʊd hæv ˈmendɪd ɪt/
Line 4
So Rotha thought.
Line 5
She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dilapidated adjective US /dəˈlæpədeɪtɪd/

in deplorable condition

From this reading “She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.”

economy noun US /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/

the system of production and distribution and consumption

From this reading “She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.”

elbows noun US /ˈelboʊz/

plural of “elbow” — hinge joint between the forearm and upper arm and the corresponding joint in the forelimb of a quadruped

From this reading “The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.”

kneading verb US /ˈniːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “knead” — make uniform

From this reading “The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.”

mended verb US /ˈmendɪd/

past form of “mend” — restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken

From this reading “She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.”

Purcell noun US /pərˈsel/

English organist at Westminster Abbey and composer of many theatrical pieces (1659-1695)

From this reading “The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.”

sleeves noun US /sliːvz/

plural of “sleeve” — the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm

From this reading “The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.”

wax verb US /wæks/

cover with wax

From this reading “The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.”

at the table preposition + article + noun counted as “at … table”

In this reading “The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.”

stood by verb + particle

In this reading “She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.”

come upon verb + particle

find unexpectedly

In this reading “She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

breadnounUS /bred/

food made from dough of flour or meal and usually raised with yeast or baking powder and then baked

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

bread-making

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

cleanadjectiveUS /kliːn/

free from dirt or impurities; or having clean habits

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

dilapidatedadjectiveUS /dəˈlæpədeɪtɪd/

in deplorable condition

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

economynounUS /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/

the system of production and distribution and consumption

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

elbowsnounUS /ˈelboʊz/

plural of “elbow” — hinge joint between the forearm and upper arm and the corresponding joint in the forelimb of a quadruped

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

kitchennounUS /ˈkɪtʃən/

a room equipped for preparing meals

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

kneadingverbUS /ˈniːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “knead” — make uniform

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

mendedverbUS /ˈmendɪd/

past form of “mend” — restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

neatadjectiveUS /niːt/

clean or organized

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

operationnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃən/

the state of being in effect or being operative

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

panverbUS /pæn/

make a sweeping movement

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

PurcellnounUS /pərˈsel/

English organist at Westminster Abbey and composer of many theatrical pieces (1659-1695)

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

redd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

REFUGEnounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading ROTHA'S REFUGE.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

Rotha

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So Rotha thought.

ROTHA'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROTHA'S REFUGE.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

sleevesnounUS /sliːvz/

plural of “sleeve” — the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So Rotha thought.

startverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading So Rotha thought.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading She did not at once start the business she had come upon; she stood by the table watching the bread-making operation.

waxverbUS /wæks/

cover with wax

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The kitchen was all "redd up," as neat as wax; everything in its place; and at the table stood Mrs. Purcell with her sleeves rolled up to her elbows and her arms in a great pan, hard at work kneading bread.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading She looked clean too, although her dress was certainly dilapidated; perhaps that was economy, though a better economy would have mended it.

Chapter 24 of The Letter of Credit by Susan Warner holds 340 sentences, grouped into 68 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 24 of The Letter of Credit contain?

Chapter 24 holds 340 sentences of The Letter of Credit, unabridged, divided into 68 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 24 of The Letter of Credit by Susan Warner exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 340 sentences, grouped into 68 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 24 of The Letter of Credit?

Work through the 68 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 68 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 24 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 24 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Letter of Credit

Common questions about reading The Letter of Credit by Susan Warner on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Letter of Credit?

Yes. All 12805 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36159 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Letter of Credit is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36159, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Letter of Credit take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2561 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The Letter of Credit

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Letter of Credit, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Susan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Letter of Credit; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Warner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Letter of Credit; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Letter of Credit; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Credit
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Letter of Credit; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.