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The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald
The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald is here in full — 184 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
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At last Bersi took to ageing much.
There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.
He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.
He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.
Then he made this verse:-- (46) To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald is here in full — 184 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
At last Bersi took to ageing much.
Line 2
There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.
/ðer wɑːz wʌn taɪm wen men ˈraɪdɪŋ tuː ðə θɪŋ steɪd æt hɪz haʊs/
Line 3
He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.
/hiː sæt ɔːl baɪ hɪmˈself ənd hɪz fuːd wɑːz brɔːt hɪm bɪˈfɔːr ðə rest wɜːr sɜːrvd/
Line 4
He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.
/hiː hæd ˈpɔːrədʒ waɪl ˈʌðər foʊk hæd tʃiːz ənd kɜːrdz/
Line 5
Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

batten noun US /ˈbætən/

stuffing made of rolls or sheets of cotton wool or synthetic fiber

From this reading “Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.”

blade noun US /bleɪd/

especially a leaf of grass or the broad portion of a leaf as distinct from the petiole

From this reading “Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.”

cheese noun US /tʃiːz/

a solid food prepared from the pressed curd of milk

From this reading “He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.”

curds noun US /kɜːrdz/

plural of “curd” — a coagulated liquid resembling milk curd

From this reading “He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.”

famed adjective US /feɪmd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading “Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.”

porridge noun US /ˈpɔːrədʒ/

soft food made by boiling oatmeal or other meal or legumes in water or milk until thick

From this reading “He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.”

slaughter noun US /ˈslɔːtər/

the killing of animals (as for food)

From this reading “Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.”

stricken adjective US /ˈstrɪkən/

grievously affected especially by disease

From this reading “Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

46

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

ageingnoun

acquiring desirable qualities by being left undisturbed for some time

From this reading At last Bersi took to ageing much.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At last Bersi took to ageing much.

axenounUS /æks/

an edge tool with a heavy bladed head mounted across a handle

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

battennounUS /ˈbætən/

stuffing made of rolls or sheets of cotton wool or synthetic fiber

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

Bersi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At last Bersi took to ageing much.

black-feathered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

bladenounUS /bleɪd/

especially a leaf of grass or the broad portion of a leaf as distinct from the petiole

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

cheesenounUS /tʃiːz/

a solid food prepared from the pressed curd of milk

From this reading He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.

curdsnounUS /kɜːrdz/

plural of “curd” — a coagulated liquid resembling milk curd

From this reading He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.

famedadjectiveUS /feɪmd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

foemen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

folknounUS /foʊk/

people in general (often used in the plural)

From this reading He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

FulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading At last Bersi took to ageing much.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading At last Bersi took to ageing much.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.

porridgenounUS /ˈpɔːrədʒ/

soft food made by boiling oatmeal or other meal or legumes in water or milk until thick

From this reading He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

ridingnounUS /ˈraɪdɪŋ/

the sport of sitting on the back of a horse while controlling its movements

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

servedverbUS /sɜːrvd/

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

slaughternounUS /ˈslɔːtər/

the killing of animals (as for food)

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

stayedverbUS /steɪd/

past form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

strickenadjectiveUS /ˈstrɪkən/

grievously affected especially by disease

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

ThingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading At last Bersi took to ageing much.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading At last Bersi took to ageing much.

versenounUS /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

warriorsnounUS /ˈwɔːriərz/

plural of “warrior” — someone engaged in or experienced in warfare

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He sat all by himself, and his food was brought him before the rest were served.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading There was one time when men riding to the Thing stayed at his house.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading He had porridge while other folk had cheese and curds.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

wound-bird

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then he made this verse:-- (46) “To batten the black-feathered wound-bird With the blade of my axe have I stricken Full thirty and five of my foemen; I am famed for the slaughter of warriors.

Chapter 4 of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald by W. G. (William Gershom) [Translator] Collingwood holds 184 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald contain?

Chapter 4 holds 184 sentences of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald by W. G. (William Gershom) [Translator] Collingwood exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 184 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald

Common questions about reading The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald by W. G. (William Gershom) [Translator] Collingwood on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald?

Yes. All 960 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #265 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #265, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald take to read?

About 80 minutes of reading across 192 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Originally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Written
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Icelandic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sometime
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Death of Cormac the Skald; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.