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The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll
The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll is here in full — 297 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/59 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
(1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."
At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.
Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.
After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.
The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll is here in full — 297 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/59 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
(1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."
Line 2
At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.
/æt kraɪst tʃɜːrtʃ æz æt ˈʌðər ˈkɑːlɪdʒɪz ðə ˈkɑːmən ruːm ɪz æn ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt ˈfiːtʃər/
Line 3
Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.
/ˈoʊ.pən frʌm eɪt ɪn ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ənˈtɪl ten æt naɪt ɪt teɪks ðə pleɪs ʌv ə klʌb wer ðə dɑːnz meɪ siː ðə ˈnuːzpeɪpərz tɔːk raɪt ˈletərz ɔːr ˌenˈdʒɔɪ ə kʌp ʌv tiː/
Line 4
After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.
Line 5
The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.
/ðə kjʊˈreɪtərz ˈduːtiz wɜːr ˈðerfɔːr səˈfɪʃəntli ˈoʊnərəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adjourn verb US /əˈdʒɜːrn/

close at the end of a session

From this reading “After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.”

Bazaars noun US /bəˈzɑːrz/

plural of “bazaar” — a shop where a variety of goods are sold

From this reading “(1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."”

cellars noun US /ˈselərz/

plural of “cellar” — the lowermost portion of a structure partly or wholly below ground level; often used for storage

From this reading “After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.”

Curator's noun US /kjʊˈreɪtərz/

possessive form of “curator” — the custodian of a collection (as a museum or library)

From this reading “The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.”

dons noun US /dɑːnz/

plural of “don” — a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading “Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.”

onerous adjective US /ˈoʊnərəs/

not easily borne; wearing

From this reading “The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.”

resigns verb US /rɪˈzaɪnz/

third-person singular of “resign” — leave (a job, post, or position) voluntarily

From this reading “(1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."”

Symbolic adjective US /sɪmˈbɑːlɪk/

relating to or using or proceeding by means of symbols

From this reading “(1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."”

All words in this reading · 120

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1892

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

1896

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

adjournverbUS /əˈdʒɜːrn/

close at the end of a session

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

AlbertnounUS /ˈælbərt/

prince consort of Queen Victoria of England (1819-1861)

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

BazaarsnounUS /bəˈzɑːrz/

plural of “bazaar” — a shop where a variety of goods are sold

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

BrunonounUS /ˈbruːnoʊ/

German pope from 1049 to 1054 whose papacy was the beginning of papal reforms in the 11th century (1002-1054)

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

cellarsnounUS /ˈselərz/

plural of “cellar” — the lowermost portion of a structure partly or wholly below ground level; often used for storage

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

ChevaliernounUS /ˌʃevəˈlɪr/

French actor and cabaret singer (1888-1972)

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

choicenounUS /tʃɔɪs/

the person or thing chosen or selected

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

ChristnounUS /kraɪst/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

clubnounUS /klʌb/

a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

CollegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

CollegesnounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒɪz/

plural of “college” — the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

CommonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

ConcludedadjectiveUS /kənˈkluːdəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

controversynounUS /ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi/

a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

cupnounUS /kʌp/

a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

Curator'snounUS /kjʊˈreɪtərz/

possessive form of “curator” — the custodian of a collection (as a museum or library)

From this reading The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.

Curatorshipnoun

the position of curator

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

despiseverbUS /dɪˈspaɪz/

look down on with disdain

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

dessertnounUS /dɪˈzɜːrt/

a dish served as the last course of a meal

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

difficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

Dodgsonnoun

English author; Charles Dodgson was an Oxford don of mathematics who is remembered for the children's stories he wrote under the pen name Lewis Carroll (1832-1898)

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

Dodgson's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

donsnounUS /dɑːnz/

plural of “don” — a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

Dumpty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

enjoyverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪ/

derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

featurenounUS /ˈfiːtʃər/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

futureadjectiveUS /ˈfjuːtʃər/

yet to be or coming

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

generositynounUS /ˌdʒenərˈɑːsəti/

the trait of being willing to give your money or time

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

goodlyadjectiveUS /ˈɡʊdli/

large in amount or extent or degree

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

guestsnounUS /ɡests/

plural of “guest” — a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

harmlessadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrmləs/

not causing or capable of causing harm

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

HighadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

Humpty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

lecturesnounUS /ˈlektʃərz/

plural of “lecture” — a speech that is open to the public

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

LogicnounUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪk/

the branch of philosophy that analyzes inference

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

logicaladjectiveUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

capable of or reflecting the capability for correct and valid reasoning

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

mechanicaladjectiveUS /məˈkænɪkəl/

using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

newspapersnounUS /ˈnuːzpeɪpərz/

plural of “newspaper” — a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

onerousadjectiveUS /ˈoʊnərəs/

not easily borne; wearing

From this reading The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.

OpenverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

PillownounUS /ˈpɪloʊ/

a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

PlansnounUS /plænz/

plural of “plan” — a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

ProblemsnounUS /ˈprɑːbləmz/

plural of “problem” — a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

ReligiousadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

resignsverbUS /rɪˈzaɪnz/

third-person singular of “resign” — leave (a job, post, or position) voluntarily

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

ReverenceverbUS /ˈrevərəns/

regard with feelings of respect and reverence; consider hallowed or exalted or be in awe of

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

RoomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading At Christ Church, as at other Colleges, the Common Room is an important feature.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

sermonnounUS /ˈsɜːrmən/

an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

servicesnounUS /ˈsɜːrvəsəz/

performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

smoking-room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

storenounUS /stɔːr/

a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.

Sylvie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

SymbolicadjectiveUS /sɪmˈbɑːlɪk/

relating to or using or proceeding by means of symbols

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

TablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

takesnounUS /teɪks/

plural of “take” — the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

teanounUS /tiː/

a beverage made by steeping tea leaves in water

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

unnecessaryadjectiveUS /ənˈnesəseri/

not necessary

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading (1892-1896) Mr. Dodgson resigns the Curatorship--Bazaars--He lectures to children--A mechanical "Humpty Dumpty"--A logical controversy--Albert Chevalier--"Sylvie and Bruno Concluded"--"Pillow Problems"--Mr. Dodgson's generosity--College services--Religious difficulties--A village sermon--Plans for the future--Reverence--"Symbolic Logic."

weednounUS /wiːd/

any plant that crowds out cultivated plants

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Curator's duties were therefore sufficiently onerous.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

winenounUS /waɪn/

fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

winesnounUS /waɪnz/

plural of “wine” — fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading After dinner, members of High Table, with their guests if any are present, usually adjourn to the Common Room for wine and dessert, while there is a smoking-room hard by for those who do not despise the harmless but unnecessary weed, and below are cellars, with a goodly store of choice old wines.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading Open from eight in the morning until ten at night, it takes the place of a club, where the "dons" may see the newspapers, talk, write letters, or enjoy a cup of tea.

Chapter 8 of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood holds 297 sentences, grouped into 60 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll contain?

Chapter 8 holds 297 sentences of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, unabridged, divided into 60 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 297 sentences, grouped into 60 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll?

Work through the 60 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 60 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll

Common questions about reading The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll?

Yes. All 4288 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11483 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11483, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll take to read?

About 357 minutes of reading across 858 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll section by section

How to work through The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Lewis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carroll's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forebears--the
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bishop
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.