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The Life and Most Surprising Adventures
The Life and Most Surprising Adventures

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 28/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.
"Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.
But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.
Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.
I bethought me, however, that his skin would be of use.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Life and Most Surprising Adventures

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 28/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 136–140

Line 1
Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.
Line 2
"Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.
/ɡoʊ ðen sed aɪ əˈpɑːn wɪtʃ ˈteɪkɪŋ ə ˈlɪtəl ɡʌn ɪn wʌn hænd hiː swæm tuː ʃɔːr wɪð ðə ˈʌðər ənd ˈkʌmɪŋ kloʊs tuː ðə ˈlaɪən pʊt ə ˈpɪriəd tuː hɪz laɪf baɪ ˈʃuːtɪŋ hɪm əˈɡen θruː ðə hed/
Line 3
But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.
/bʌt ðɪs wɑːz ˈspendɪŋ ˈaʊər ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən ɪn veɪn ðə fleʃ nɑːt ˈbiːɪŋ ɡʊd tuː iːt/
Line 4
Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.
Line 5
I bethought me, however, that his skin would be of use.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ammunition noun US /ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən/

projectiles to be fired from a gun

From this reading “But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.”

champion noun US /ˈtʃæmpiən/

someone who has won first place in a competition

From this reading “Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.”

hatchet noun US /ˈhætʃət/

weapon consisting of a fighting ax; used by North American Indians

From this reading “Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.”

lion noun US /ˈlaɪən/

large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading “"Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.”

perform verb US /pərˈfɔːrm/

carry out or perform an action

From this reading “Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.”

shooting noun US /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading “"Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.”

spending noun US /ˈspendɪŋ/

the act of spending or disbursing money

From this reading “But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.”

swam verb US /swæm/

inflected form of “swim” — travel through water

From this reading “"Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

ammunitionnounUS /ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən/

projectiles to be fired from a gun

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I bethought me, however, that his skin would be of use.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

bethought

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I bethought me, however, that his skin would be of use.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

championnounUS /ˈtʃæmpiən/

someone who has won first place in a competition

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

desiredadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪərd/

wanted intensely

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

eatverbUS /iːt/

take in solid food

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

fleshnounUS /fleʃ/

the soft tissue of the body of a vertebrate: mainly muscle tissue and fat

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

gunnounUS /ɡʌn/

a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

hatchetnounUS /ˈhætʃət/

weapon consisting of a fighting ax; used by North American Indians

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading I bethought me, however, that his skin would be of use.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

lionnounUS /ˈlaɪən/

large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

performverbUS /pərˈfɔːrm/

carry out or perform an action

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

shootingnounUS /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

skinnounUS /skɪn/

a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading I bethought me, however, that his skin would be of use.

spendingnounUS /ˈspendɪŋ/

the act of spending or disbursing money

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading Xury was like a champion, and comes on board for a hatchet, to cut of the head of his enemy: but not having strength to perform it, he cut off and brought me a foot.

swamverbUS /swæm/

inflected form of “swim” — travel through water

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I bethought me, however, that his skin would be of use.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

UponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading I bethought me, however, that his skin would be of use.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But this was spending our ammunition in vain, the flesh not being good to eat.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Go then," said I. Upon which taking a little gun in one hand, he swam to shore with the other, and coming close to the lion, put a period to his life, by shooting him again through the head.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading I bethought me, however, that his skin would be of use.

Xury

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Upon this Xury took heart and desired my leave to go on shore.

Chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures by Daniel Defoe holds 411 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures contain?

Chapter 1 holds 411 sentences of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures by Daniel Defoe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 411 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Life and Most Surprising Adventures

Common questions about reading The Life and Most Surprising Adventures by Daniel Defoe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures?

Yes. All 2877 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11866 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11866, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Life and Most Surprising Adventures take to read?

About 239 minutes of reading across 576 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Life and Most Surprising Adventures

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Life and Most Surprising Adventures, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Editorial
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Notes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Daniel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Defoe's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.