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The Life and Most Surprising Adventures
The Life and Most Surprising Adventures

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 40/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.
So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.
The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.
We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.
In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Life and Most Surprising Adventures

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures is here in full — 411 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 40/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 196–200

Line 1
But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.
/bʌt aɪ bɔːrn tuː biː maɪ oʊn dɪˈstrɔɪər kʊd nɑːt rɪˈzɪst ðə prəˈpoʊzəl bʌt ækˈseptɪd ðə ˈɔːfər əˈpɑːn kənˈdɪʃən ʌv ðer ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈæftər maɪ ˌplænˈteɪʃən/
Line 2
So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.
/soʊ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈfɔːrməl wɪl aɪ bəˈkwiːθt maɪ ɪˈfekts tuː maɪ ɡʊd frend ðə ˈkæptən æz maɪ ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl er bʌt əˈblaɪdʒd hɪm tuː dɪˈspoʊz ʌv maɪ ɪˈfekts æz dərˈektəd wʌn hæf ʌv ðə prəˈduːs tuː hɪmˈself ənd ðə ˈʌðər tuː biː ʃɪpt tuː ˈɪŋɡlənd/
Line 3
The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.
Line 4
We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.
Line 5
In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.
/ɪn ðɪs pərˈpleksəti wʌn ʌv ˈaʊər men daɪd ənd wʌn mæn ənd ə bɔɪ wɜːr wɑːʃt ˈoʊvərbɔːrd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Augustine noun US /ˈɑːɡəstiːn/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian church; after a dramatic conversion to Christianity he became bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa; St. Augustine emphasized man's need for grace (354-430)

From this reading “We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.”

bequeathed verb US /bəˈkwiːθt/

past form of “bequeath” — leave or give by will after one's death

From this reading “So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.”

destroyer noun US /dɪˈstrɔɪər/

a small fast lightly armored but heavily armed warship

From this reading “But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.”

northward adverb US /ˈnɔːrθwərd/

in a northern direction

From this reading “We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.”

shipped verb US /ʃɪpt/

inflected form of “ship” — transport commercially

From this reading “So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.”

steered verb US /stɪrd/

past form of “steer” — direct the course; determine the direction of travelling

From this reading “We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.”

successively adverb US /səkˈsesɪvli/

in proper order or sequence

From this reading “We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.”

Yorkshire noun US /ˈjɔːrkʃər/

a former large county in northern England; in 1974 it was divided into three smaller counties

From this reading “The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.”

All words in this reading · 127

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1659

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

AfricanounUS /ˈæfrəkɑː/

the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

AugustinenounUS /ˈɑːɡəstiːn/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian church; after a dramatic conversion to Christianity he became bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa; St. Augustine emphasized man's need for grace (354-430)

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

bequeathedverbUS /bəˈkwiːθt/

past form of “bequeath” — leave or give by will after one's death

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

boundadjectiveUS /baʊnd/

confined by bonds

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

CapenounUS /keɪp/

a strip of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

captainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

destroyernounUS /dɪˈstrɔɪər/

a small fast lightly armored but heavily armed warship

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.

directedadjectiveUS /dərˈektəd/

(often used in combination) having a specified direction

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

disposeverbUS /dɪˈspoʊz/

give, sell, or transfer to another

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

eight-years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

fartheradjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

Fernand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

fittedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtəd/

being the right size and shape to fit as desired

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

formaladjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrməl/

being in accord with established forms and conventions and requirements (as e.g. of formal dress)

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

heirnounUS /er/

A person legally or magically entitled to the property or rank of another on that person's death.

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

islandsnounUS /ˈaɪləndz/

plural of “island” — a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

islenounUS /aɪl/

a small island

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

Norenba

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

northwardadverbUS /ˈnɔːrθwərd/

in a northern direction

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

oceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

overboardadverbUS /ˈoʊvərbɔːrd/

to extremes

From this reading In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

perplexitynounUS /pərˈpleksəti/

trouble or confusion resulting from complexity

From this reading In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.

plantationnounUS /ˌplænˈteɪʃən/

an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

produceverbUS /prəˈduːs/

bring forth or yield

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

proposalnounUS /prəˈpoʊzəl/

something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

resistverbUS /rɪˈzɪst/

elude, especially in a baffling way

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

sailedverbUS /seɪld/

past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

shippedverbUS /ʃɪpt/

inflected form of “ship” — transport commercially

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

steeredverbUS /stɪrd/

past form of “steer” — direct the course; determine the direction of travelling

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

successivelyadverbUS /səkˈsesɪvli/

in proper order or sequence

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

tempestnounUS /ˈtempəst/

a violent commotion or disturbance

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

universaladjectiveUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl/

of worldwide scope or applicability

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading But I, born to be my own destroyer, could not resist the proposal, but accepted the offer upon condition of their looking after my plantation.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

washedadjectiveUS /wɑːʃt/

clean by virtue of having been washed in water

From this reading In this perplexity one of our men died, and one man and a boy were washed overboard.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

whenceadverbUS /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

wheresoeveradverb

where in the world

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading So making a formal will, I bequeathed my effects to my good friend the captain, as my universal heir; but obliged him to dispose of my effects as directed, one half of the produce to himself, and the other to be shipped to England.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We sailed northward upon the coast, in order to gain Africa, till we made Cape Augustine; from whence going farther into the ocean, out of sight of land, we steered as though we were bound for the isle Fernand de Norenba, leaving the islands on the east; and then it was that we met with a terrible tempest, which continued for twelve days successively, so that the wind carried us wheresoever they pleased.

YorkshirenounUS /ˈjɔːrkʃər/

a former large county in northern England; in 1974 it was divided into three smaller counties

From this reading The ship being fitted out, and all things ready, we set sail the first of September, 1659, being the same day eight-years I left my father and, mother in Yorkshire.

Chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures by Daniel Defoe holds 411 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures contain?

Chapter 1 holds 411 sentences of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures by Daniel Defoe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 411 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 2877 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11866 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11866, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Life and Most Surprising Adventures take to read?

About 239 minutes of reading across 576 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Life and Most Surprising Adventures section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Life and Most Surprising Adventures

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Life and Most Surprising Adventures, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Editorial
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Notes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Daniel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Defoe's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life and Most Surprising Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.