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The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson
The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson is here in full — 384 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/76 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.
It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.
We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.
These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.
But none of these were public railways.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson is here in full — 384 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/76 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.
Line 2
It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.
/ɪt ɪz nɑːt ˌɪmˈprɑːbəbəl ðæt ðə sloʊ ˈprɑːɡres meɪd baɪ ˈreɪlweɪz ɪn ˈpʌblɪk ˌestəˈmeɪʃən wɑːz ɪn ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈmeʒər duː tuː ðə kəmˈperətɪv wɑːnt ʌv səkˈses wɪtʃ hæd əˈtendɪd ðə fɜːrst ˈprɑːdʒekts/
Line 3
We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.
Line 4
These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.
Line 5
But none of these were public railways.
/bʌt nʌn ʌv ðiːz wɜːr ˈpʌblɪk ˈreɪlweɪz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

districts noun US /ˈdɪstrɪkts/

plural of “district” — a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading “These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.”

Durham noun US /ˈdɜːrəm/

a city of north central North Carolina; site of Duke University

From this reading “These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.”

economical adjective US /ˌekəˈnɑːmɪkəl/

using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness

From this reading “These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.”

projects noun US /ˈprɑːdʒekts/

plural of “project” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading “It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.”

railroads noun US /ˈreɪlroʊdz/

plural of “railroad” — line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading “We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.”

railways noun US /ˈreɪlweɪz/

plural of “railway” — line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading “It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.”

stephenson noun US /ˈstiːvənsən/

English railway pioneer who built the first passenger railway in 1825 (1781-1848)

From this reading “GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.”

stockton noun US /ˈstɑːktən/

United States writer (1834-1902)

From this reading “GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

slow progress adjective + noun

In this reading “It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But none of these were public railways.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

collieries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

collierynoun

a workplace consisting of a coal mine plus all the buildings and equipment connected with it

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

comparativeadjectiveUS /kəmˈperətɪv/

relating to or based on or involving comparison

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

convenientadjectiveUS /kənˈviːnjənt/

suited to your comfort or purpose or needs

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

DARLINGTON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.

districtsnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkts/

plural of “district” — a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

DurhamnounUS /ˈdɜːrəm/

a city of north central North Carolina; site of Duke University

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

economicaladjectiveUS /ˌekəˈnɑːmɪkəl/

using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

ENGINEERnounUS /ˈendʒəˈnɪr/

a person who uses scientific knowledge to solve practical problems

From this reading GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.

estimationnounUS /ˌestəˈmeɪʃən/

a document appraising the value of something (as for insurance or taxation)

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

GEORGEnounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

improbableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprɑːbəbəl/

not likely to be true or to occur or to have occurred

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

iron-works

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading But none of these were public railways.

Northumberlandnoun

the northernmost county of England; has many Roman remains (including Hadrian's Wall)

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

projectsnounUS /ˈprɑːdʒekts/

plural of “project” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

railroadsnounUS /ˈreɪlroʊdz/

plural of “railroad” — line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

RAILWAYnounUS /ˈreɪlweɪ/

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.

railwaysnounUS /ˈreɪlweɪz/

plural of “railway” — line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

referverbUS /rəˈfɜːr/

make reference to

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

ScotlandnounUS /ˈskɑːtlənd/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

shipping-places

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

STEPHENSONnounUS /ˈstiːvənsən/

English railway pioneer who built the first passenger railway in 1825 (1781-1848)

From this reading GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.

STOCKTONnounUS /ˈstɑːktən/

United States writer (1834-1902)

From this reading GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading GEORGE STEPHENSON ENGINEER OF THE STOCKTON AND DARLINGTON RAILWAY.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

tram-roads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

WalesnounUS /weɪlz/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; during Roman times the region was known as Cambria

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These were found convenient and economical, and their use became general in Durham and Northumberland, in South Wales, in Scotland, and throughout the colliery districts.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It is not improbable that the slow progress made by railways in public estimation was, in a considerable measure, due to the comparative want of success which had attended the first projects.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We do not refer to the tram-roads and railroads which connected the collieries and iron-works with the shipping-places.

Chapter 12 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson by Samuel Smiles holds 384 sentences, grouped into 77 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson contain?

Chapter 12 holds 384 sentences of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson, unabridged, divided into 77 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson by Samuel Smiles exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 384 sentences, grouped into 77 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson?

Work through the 77 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 77 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #46229, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
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Equals
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