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The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson
The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson is here in full — 354 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/70 · 5 lines
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MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.
The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.
This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.
It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.
The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson is here in full — 354 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/70 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.
Line 2
The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.
/ðə rəˈpɪdəti wɪð wɪtʃ ˈreɪlweɪz wɜːr ˈkærid aʊt wen ðə ˈspɪrət ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri bɪˈkeɪm raʊzd wɑːz ˌɪnˈdiːd rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/
Line 3
This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.
/ðɪs wɑːz ˈdaʊtləs ɪn sʌm ˈmeʒər ˈoʊɪŋ tuː ðə ˌɪnˈkriːst fɔːrs ʌv ðə ˈkɜːrənt ʌv ˌspekjəˈleɪʃən æt ðə taɪm bʌt ˈtʃiːfli tuː ðə dɪˈzaɪər wɪtʃ ðə ˈpʌblɪk bɪˈɡæn tuː ˌentərˈteɪn fɔːr ðə ˈdʒenərəl ɪkˈstenʃən ʌv ðə ˈsɪstəm/
Line 4
It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈiːvɪn prəˈpoʊzd tuː fɪl ʌp ðə kəˈnælz ənd ˈkɑːnvərt ðem ˈɪntuː ˈreɪlweɪz/
Line 5
The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.
/ðə nuː roʊdz bɪˈkeɪm ðə ˈtɑːpɪk ʌv ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən ɪn ɔːl ˈsɜːrkəlz ðeɪ wɜːr felt tuː ɡɪv ə nuː ˈvæljuː tuː taɪm ðer væst ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz fɔːr ˈbɪznəs pɪˈkjuːljərli ˌrekəˈmendɪd ðem tuː ðə ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈklæsəz waɪl ðə frendz ʌv ˈprɑːɡres ˌdaɪˈleɪtɪd ɑːn ðə ɡreɪt ˈbenəfɪts ðeɪ wʊd ɪˈventʃəwəli kənˈfɜːr əˈpɑːn ˈmænˈkaɪnd æt lɑːrdʒ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

belgium noun US /ˈbeldʒəm/

a monarchy in northwestern Europe; headquarters for the European Union and for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

From this reading “MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.”

canals noun US /kəˈnælz/

plural of “canal” — (astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading “It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.”

capabilities noun US /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “capability” — the quality of being capable -- physically or intellectually or legally

From this reading “The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.”

dilated verb US /ˌdaɪˈleɪtɪd/

past form of “dilate” — become wider

From this reading “The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.”

extension noun US /ɪkˈstenʃən/

a mutually agreed delay in the date set for the completion of a job or payment of a debt

From this reading “MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.”

leeds noun US /liːdz/

a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry

From this reading “MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.”

midland noun US /ˈmɪdlænd/

a town in west central Texas

From this reading “MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.”

railways noun US /ˈreɪlweɪz/

plural of “railway” — line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading “MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

confer upon verb + particle

In this reading “The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.”

some measure adjective + noun

In this reading “This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.”

fill up verb + adjective

make full, also in a metaphorical sense

In this reading “It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.”

carried out verb + adjective counted as “carry out”

put in effect

In this reading “The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.”

at the time preposition + article + noun counted as “at … time”

simultaneously

In this reading “This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

ALTON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

BELGIUMnounUS /ˈbeldʒəm/

a monarchy in northwestern Europe; headquarters for the European Union and for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

benefitsnounUS /ˈbenəfɪts/

plural of “benefit” — financial assistance in time of need

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

canalsnounUS /kəˈnælz/

plural of “canal” — (astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.

capabilitiesnounUS /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “capability” — the quality of being capable -- physically or intellectually or legally

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

chieflyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːfli/

for the most part

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

circlesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəlz/

plural of “circle” — ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

classesnounUS /ˈklæsəz/

plural of “class” — a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

conferverbUS /kənˈfɜːr/

have a conference in order to talk something over

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

convertverbUS /ˈkɑːnvərt/

change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy

From this reading It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

dilatedverbUS /ˌdaɪˈleɪtɪd/

past form of “dilate” — become wider

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

doubtlessadverbUS /ˈdaʊtləs/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

entertainverbUS /ˌentərˈteɪn/

provide entertainment for

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.

eventuallyadverbUS /ɪˈventʃəwəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

EXTENSIONnounUS /ɪkˈstenʃən/

a mutually agreed delay in the date set for the completion of a job or payment of a debt

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

fillverbUS /fɪl/

make full, also in a metaphorical sense

From this reading It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

GENERALadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

LEEDSnounUS /liːdz/

a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

LIFEnounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

MANCHESTERnounUS /ˈmæntʃestər/

largest city in New Hampshire; located in southeastern New Hampshire on the Merrimack river

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

MIDLANDnounUS /ˈmɪdlænd/

a town in west central Texas

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

owingadjectiveUS /ˈoʊɪŋ/

owed as a debt

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

peculiarlyadverbUS /pɪˈkjuːljərli/

uniquely or characteristically

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

proposedverbUS /prəˈpoʊzd/

past form of “propose” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

RAILWAYSnounUS /ˈreɪlweɪz/

plural of “railway” — line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

rapiditynounUS /rəˈpɪdəti/

a rate that is rapid

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

recommendedverbUS /ˌrekəˈmendɪd/

past form of “recommend” — push for something

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

RESULTSnounUS /rɪˈzʌlts/

plural of “result” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

rousedverbUS /raʊzd/

past form of “rouse” — become active

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

speculationnounUS /ˌspekjəˈleɪʃən/

a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

STEPHENSON'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

THEIRdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading This was doubtless in some measure owing to the increased force of the current of speculation at the time, but chiefly to the desire which the public began to entertain for the general extension of the system.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

topicnounUS /ˈtɑːpɪk/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

tradingnounUS /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

buying or selling securities or commodities

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading It was even proposed to fill up the canals and convert them into railways.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

VISITverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading MANCHESTER AND LEEDS, AND MIDLAND RAILWAYS--STEPHENSON'S LIFE AT ALTON--VISIT TO BELGIUM--GENERAL EXTENSION OF RAILWAYS AND THEIR RESULTS.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The rapidity with which railways were carried out, when the spirit of the country became roused, was indeed remarkable.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The new roads became the topic of conversation in all circles; they were felt to give a new value to time; their vast capabilities for "business" peculiarly recommended them to the trading classes, while the friends of "progress" dilated on the great benefits they would eventually confer upon mankind at large.

Chapter 18 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson by Samuel Smiles holds 354 sentences, grouped into 71 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson contain?

Chapter 18 holds 354 sentences of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson, unabridged, divided into 71 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson by Samuel Smiles exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 354 sentences, grouped into 71 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson?

Work through the 71 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 71 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #46229, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 529 minutes of reading across 1271 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life of George Stephenson and of His Son Robert Stephenson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
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Equals
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