Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Life of Sir John Falstaff
The Life of Sir John Falstaff

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Life of Sir John Falstaff is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Life of Sir John Falstaff
Context Illustration Reading 56/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.
Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.
It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.
On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.
But the daffodils still held their own bravely.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Life of Sir John Falstaff

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Life of Sir John Falstaff is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 56/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 276–280

Line 1
On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.
Line 2
Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.
Line 3
It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.
Line 4
On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.
Line 5
But the daffodils still held their own bravely.
/bʌt ðə ˈdæfədɪlz stɪl held ðer oʊn ˈbreɪvli/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

crocuses noun US /ˈkroʊkjuːsɪz/

plural of “crocus” — any of numerous low-growing plants of the genus Crocus having slender grasslike leaves and white or yellow or purple flowers; native chiefly to the Mediterranean region but widely cultivated

From this reading “On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.”

daffodils noun US /ˈdæfədɪlz/

plural of “daffodil” — any of numerous varieties of Narcissus plants having showy often yellow flowers with a trumpet-shaped central crown

From this reading “But the daffodils still held their own bravely.”

interlaced adjective US /ˌɪntərˈleɪst/

having a pattern of fretwork or latticework

From this reading “Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.”

poll noun US /poʊl/

an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people

From this reading “Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.”

primroses noun US /ˈprɪmroʊzəz/

plural of “primrose” — any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads

From this reading “On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.”

raked verb US /reɪkt/

past form of “rake” — move through with or as if with a rake

From this reading “It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.”

shorn adjective US /ʃɔːrn/

having the hair or wool cut or clipped off as if with shears or clippers

From this reading “Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.”

streaked adjective US /striːkt/

marked with or as if with stripes or linear discolorations

From this reading “It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

silver spoons noun + noun counted as “silver spoon”

the inherited wealth of established upper-class families

In this reading “It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.”

left wing noun + noun

those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare

In this reading “On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.”

with silver preposition + noun

In this reading “It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

bedsnounUS /bedz/

plural of “bed” — a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

bravelyadverbUS /ˈbreɪvli/

in a courageous manner

From this reading But the daffodils still held their own bravely.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the daffodils still held their own bravely.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

combverbUS /koʊm/

straighten with a comb

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

crocusesnounUS /ˈkroʊkjuːsɪz/

plural of “crocus” — any of numerous low-growing plants of the genus Crocus having slender grasslike leaves and white or yellow or purple flowers; native chiefly to the Mediterranean region but widely cultivated

From this reading On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.

daffodilsnounUS /ˈdæfədɪlz/

plural of “daffodil” — any of numerous varieties of Narcissus plants having showy often yellow flowers with a trumpet-shaped central crown

From this reading But the daffodils still held their own bravely.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

droopingadjectiveUS /ˈdruːpɪŋ/

weak from exhaustion

From this reading On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.

dugnounUS /dʌɡ/

an udder or breast or teat

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

friar's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

galloon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading But the daffodils still held their own bravely.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

horn-latticed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

interlacedadjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈleɪst/

having a pattern of fretwork or latticework

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

jet-blackadjective

of the blackest black; similar to the color of jet or coal

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

lackey's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

lady'snounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

possessive form of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

moatnounUS /moʊt/

ditch dug as a fortification and usually filled with water

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading But the daffodils still held their own bravely.

pollnounUS /poʊl/

an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

primrosesnounUS /ˈprɪmroʊzəz/

plural of “primrose” — any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads

From this reading On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.

rakedverbUS /reɪkt/

past form of “rake” — move through with or as if with a rake

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

shingle-walks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

shornadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrn/

having the hair or wool cut or clipped off as if with shears or clippers

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

snowdrops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.

spoonsnounUS /spuːnz/

plural of “spoon” — a piece of cutlery with a shallow bowl-shaped container and a handle; used to stir or serve or take up food

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading But the daffodils still held their own bravely.

streakedadjectiveUS /striːkt/

marked with or as if with stripes or linear discolorations

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was streaked with little beds of jet-black earth that might have been dug with silver spoons and raked with my lady’s comb.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading But the daffodils still held their own bravely.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

well-orderedadjective

ordered well

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On these the snowdrops and crocuses lay already dead, and the primroses were drooping.

wingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading On the left wing of the building a little horn-latticed door opened upon a garden leading down to the moat.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Here the grass was shorn like a friar’s poll, and interlaced with shingle-walks as even and well-ordered as the galloon on a lackey’s coat.

Chapter 1 of The Life of Sir John Falstaff by Robert B. (Robert Barnabas) Brough holds 409 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Life of Sir John Falstaff contain?

Chapter 1 holds 409 sentences of The Life of Sir John Falstaff, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Life of Sir John Falstaff by Robert B. (Robert Barnabas) Brough exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 409 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Life of Sir John Falstaff?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Life of Sir John Falstaff

Common questions about reading The Life of Sir John Falstaff by Robert B. (Robert Barnabas) Brough on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Life of Sir John Falstaff?

Yes. All 4031 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44900 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Life of Sir John Falstaff is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44900, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Life of Sir John Falstaff take to read?

About 335 minutes of reading across 807 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Life of Sir John Falstaff section by section

How to work through The Life of Sir John Falstaff section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of The Life of Sir John Falstaff to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Life of Sir John Falstaff

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Life of Sir John Falstaff, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Robert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life of Sir John Falstaff; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brough
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life of Sir John Falstaff; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Biography
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life of Sir John Falstaff; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Knight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Life of Sir John Falstaff; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.