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The Light of the Western Stars
The Light of the Western Stars

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Light of the Western Stars is here in full — 245 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Light of the Western Stars
Context Illustration Reading 1/49 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.
Frank was asleep, or pretended to be.
Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.
The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.
Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Light of the Western Stars

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Light of the Western Stars is here in full — 245 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/49 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.
/ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ʃiː hæd sʌm ˈɪŋklɪŋ ʌv ðə kɔːrs ˈstuːərt ənd hɪz men wɜːr tuː pərˈsuː ʃiː wɑːz nɑːt baɪ ˈeni miːnz priˈperd fɔːr ðə ˌɪnˈdɪfərəns ʃiː sɔː/
Line 2
Frank was asleep, or pretended to be.
/fræŋk wɑːz əˈsliːp ɔːr priˈtendɪd tuː biː/
Line 3
Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.
Line 4
The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.
Line 5
Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.
/nɪk stiːl sæt wɪð hɪz bæk tuː ə lɔːɡ ˈsmoʊkɪŋ hɪz paɪp/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aluminum noun US /əˈluːmənəm/

a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite

From this reading “The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.”

baking noun US /ˈbeɪkɪŋ/

making bread or cake or pastry etc.

From this reading “Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.”

cowboys noun US /ˈkaʊbɔɪz/

plural of “cowboy” — a hired hand who tends cattle and performs other duties on horseback

From this reading “Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.”

fixtures noun US /ˈfɪkstʃərz/

plural of “fixture” — an object firmly fixed in place (especially in a household)

From this reading “The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.”

inkling noun US /ˈɪŋklɪŋ/

a slight suggestion or vague understanding

From this reading “Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.”

ovens noun US /ˈʌvənz/

plural of “oven” — kitchen appliance used for baking or roasting

From this reading “Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.”

Steele noun US /stiːl/

English writer (1672-1729)

From this reading “Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.”

tins noun US /tɪnz/

plural of “tin” — a silvery malleable metallic element that resists corrosion; used in many alloys and to coat other metals to prevent corrosion; obtained chiefly from cassiterite where it occurs as tin oxide

From this reading “Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

aluminumnounUS /əˈluːmənəm/

a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

asleepadjectiveUS /əˈsliːp/

in a state of sleep

From this reading Frank was asleep, or pretended to be.

attendingnounUS /əˈtendɪŋ/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.

bakingnounUS /ˈbeɪkɪŋ/

making bread or cake or pastry etc.

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Frank was asleep, or pretended to be.

biscuitsnounUS /ˈbɪskəts/

plural of “biscuit” — small round bread leavened with baking-powder or soda

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

camp-fire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

cowboysnounUS /ˈkaʊbɔɪz/

plural of “cowboy” — a hired hand who tends cattle and performs other duties on horseback

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

cupsnounUS /kʌps/

plural of “cup” — a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

disappearedverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd/

past form of “disappear” — get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

elaborateadjectiveUS /ɪˈlæbrət/

marked by complexity and richness of detail

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

etc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

fixturesnounUS /ˈfɪkstʃərz/

plural of “fixture” — an object firmly fixed in place (especially in a household)

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

FrankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading Frank was asleep, or pretended to be.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

indifferencenounUS /ˌɪnˈdɪfərəns/

unbiased impartial unconcern

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

inklingnounUS /ˈɪŋklɪŋ/

a slight suggestion or vague understanding

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

lazilyadverbUS /ˈlæzəli/

in a slow and lazy manner

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

logverbUS /lɔːɡ/

enter into a log, as on ships and planes

From this reading Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.

Madeline's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

NickverbUS /nɪk/

cut slightly, with a razor

From this reading Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Frank was asleep, or pretended to be.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

ovensnounUS /ˈʌvənz/

plural of “oven” — kitchen appliance used for baking or roasting

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

pipenounUS /paɪp/

a tube with a small bowl at one end; used for smoking tobacco

From this reading Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.

platesnounUS /pleɪts/

plural of “plate” — (baseball) base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands; it must be touched by a base runner in order to score

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

potsnounUS /pɑːts/

plural of “pot” — metal or earthenware cooking vessel that is usually round and deep; often has a handle and lid

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

pretendedadjectiveUS /priˈtendɪd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading Frank was asleep, or pretended to be.

pursueverbUS /pərˈsuː/

carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

smokingnounUS /ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/

the act of smoking tobacco or other substances

From this reading Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

SteelenounUS /stiːl/

English writer (1672-1729)

From this reading Nick Steele sat with his back to a log, smoking his pipe.

StewartnounUS /ˈstuːərt/

United States film actor who portrayed incorruptible but modest heros (1908-1997)

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

tinsnounUS /tɪnz/

plural of “tin” — a silvery malleable metallic element that resists corrosion; used in many alloys and to coat other metals to prevent corrosion; obtained chiefly from cassiterite where it occurs as tin oxide

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

unconcernedlyadverb

in an unconcerned manner

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

washingnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋ/

the work of cleansing (usually with soap and water)

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading Three cowboys were lazily and unconcernedly attending to camp-fire duties, such as baking biscuits, watching the ovens, and washing tins and pots.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Although she had some inkling of the course Stewart and his men were to pursue, she was not by any means prepared for the indifference she saw.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The elaborate set of aluminum plates, cups, etc., together with the other camp fixtures that had done service for Madeline’s party, had disappeared.

Chapter 31 of The Light of the Western Stars by Zane Grey holds 245 sentences, grouped into 49 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Light of the Western Stars contain?

Chapter 31 holds 245 sentences of The Light of the Western Stars, unabridged, divided into 49 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Light of the Western Stars by Zane Grey exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 245 sentences, grouped into 49 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Light of the Western Stars?

Work through the 49 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 49 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Light of the Western Stars

Common questions about reading The Light of the Western Stars by Zane Grey on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Light of the Western Stars?

Yes. All 9623 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1095 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Light of the Western Stars is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1095, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Light of the Western Stars take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1925 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Light of the Western Stars section by section

How to work through The Light of the Western Stars section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Light of the Western Stars to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Light of the Western Stars

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Light of the Western Stars, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Madeline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Light of the Western Stars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hammond
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Light of the Western Stars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stepped
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Light of the Western Stars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Train
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Light of the Western Stars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.