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The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia
The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
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GRAND PRE.
Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.
Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.
But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.
Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
GRAND PRE.
Line 2
Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.
Line 3
Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.
Line 4
But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.
Line 5
Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Annapolis noun US /əˈnæpəlɪs/

state capital of Maryland; site of the United States Naval Academy

From this reading “Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.”

Breton noun US /ˈbretən/

a native or inhabitant of Brittany (especially one who speaks the Breton language)

From this reading “Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.”

colonies noun US /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading “Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.”

enlarging verb US /ɪnˈlɑːrdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “enlarge” — make larger

From this reading “Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.”

posts noun US /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading “Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.”

strait noun US /streɪt/

a narrow channel of the sea joining two larger bodies of water

From this reading “Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.”

strengthening noun US /ˈstreŋθənɪŋ/

becoming stronger

From this reading “Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.”

stronghold noun US /ˈstrɔːŋhoʊld/

a strongly fortified defensive structure

From this reading “Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

thirty years noun + noun

In this reading “Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.”

give up verb + adjective

lose (s.th.) or lose the right to (s.th.) by some error, offense, or crime

In this reading “Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

Acadie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

alarmnounUS /əˈlɑːrm/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

AnnapolisnounUS /əˈnæpəlɪs/

state capital of Maryland; site of the United States Naval Academy

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

BretonnounUS /ˈbretən/

a native or inhabitant of Brittany (especially one who speaks the Breton language)

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

Canso

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

CapenounUS /keɪp/

a strip of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

coloniesnounUS /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

compelledverbUS /kəmˈpeld/

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

disgustverbUS /dɪsˈɡʌst/

fill with distaste

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

enlargingverbUS /ɪnˈlɑːrdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “enlarge” — make larger

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

GRANDadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading GRAND PRE.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

IslandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

Louisbourg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

NearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

OnlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

postsnounUS /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

PRE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading GRAND PRE.

retireverbUS /rɪˈtaɪr/

go into retirement; stop performing one's work or withdraw from one's position

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

RoyaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

separatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

straitnounUS /streɪt/

a narrow channel of the sea joining two larger bodies of water

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

strengtheningnounUS /ˈstreŋθənɪŋ/

becoming stronger

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

strongholdnounUS /ˈstrɔːŋhoʊld/

a strongly fortified defensive structure

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading But though Acadie had been given up to the English, it could hardly be said to be held by them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Only two posts were occupied, the one at Canso, in the strait that separated Cape Breton from Acadie, and the other at Annapolis Royal.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Here they had built a stronghold at Louisbourg, which they were enlarging and strengthening every year, to the great disgust and alarm of the New England colonies.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Nearly thirty years before this, the French government had been compelled to give up the possession of Acadie to the English, and to retire to the Island of Cape Breton.

Chapter 9 of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia by James De Mille holds 131 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia contain?

Chapter 9 holds 131 sentences of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia by James De Mille exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 131 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia by James De Mille on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 4089 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31096 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #31096, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 340 minutes of reading across 818 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cross
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Acadia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dodge
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lily and the Cross: A Tale of Acadia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.