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The Lily of the Valley
The Lily of the Valley

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Lily of the Valley is here in full — 1171 sentences across 235 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/234 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?
What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?
The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.
What vanity could I have wounded,--I a child new-born?
What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Lily of the Valley

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Lily of the Valley is here in full — 1171 sentences across 235 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/234 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?
Line 2
What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?
/wʌt ˈpoʊət wɪl sɪŋ ðə ˈsɑːroʊz ʌv ðə tʃaɪld huːz lɪps mʌst sʌk ə ˈbɪtər brest huːz smaɪlz ɑːr tʃekt baɪ ðə ˈkruːəl ˈfaɪər ʌv ə stɜːrn aɪ/
Line 3
The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.
/ðə teɪl ðæt telz ʌv sʌtʃ puːr hɑːrts əˈprest baɪ ˈbiːɪŋz pleɪst əˈbaʊt ðem tuː prəˈmoʊt ðə dɪˈveləpmənt ʌv ðer ˈneɪtʃərz wʊd kənˈteɪn ðə truː ˈhɪstəri ʌv maɪ ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
Line 4
What vanity could I have wounded,--I a child new-born?
Line 5
What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?
/wʌt ˈmɔːrəl ɔːr ˈfɪzɪkəl ɪnˈfɜːrmɪti kɑːzd baɪ ˈmʌðərz ˈkoʊldnəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blossoming noun US /ˈblɑːsəmɪŋ/

the time and process of budding and unfolding of blossoms

From this reading “To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?”

buds noun US /bʌdz/

plural of “bud” — a partially opened flower

From this reading “To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?”

coldness noun US /ˈkoʊldnəs/

the sensation produced by low temperatures

From this reading “What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?”

infirmity noun US /ɪnˈfɜːrmɪti/

the state of being weak in health or body (especially from old age)

From this reading “What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?”

promote verb US /prəˈmoʊt/

contribute to the progress or growth of

From this reading “The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.”

rancorous adjective US /ˈræŋkərəs/

showing deep-seated resentment

From this reading “To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?”

suck verb US /sʌk/

draw into the mouth by creating a practical vacuum in the mouth

From this reading “What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?”

tortures noun US /ˈtɔːrtʃərz/

plural of “torture” — extreme mental distress

From this reading “To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

apartadverbUS /əˈpɑːrt/

separated or at a distance in place or position or time

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

beingsnounUS /ˈbiːɪŋz/

plural of “being” — the state or fact of existing

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

bitteradjectiveUS /ˈbɪtər/

marked by strong resentment or cynicism

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

blossomingnounUS /ˈblɑːsəmɪŋ/

the time and process of budding and unfolding of blossoms

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

borneverbUS /bɔːrn/

inflected form of “bear” — have

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

breastnounUS /brest/

the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

budsnounUS /bʌdz/

plural of “bud” — a partially opened flower

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?

checkedadjectiveUS /tʃekt/

patterned with alternating squares of color

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

childhoodnounUS /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/

the time of person's life when they are a child

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

coldnessnounUS /ˈkoʊldnəs/

the sensation produced by low temperatures

From this reading What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?

containverbUS /kənˈteɪn/

include or contain; have as a component

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading What vanity could I have wounded,--I a child new-born?

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

domesticadjectiveUS /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

elegies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

fednounUS /fed/

any federal law-enforcement officer

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

frostnounUS /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

geniusnounUS /ˈdʒiːnjəs/

someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading What vanity could I have wounded,--I a child new-born?

heartsnounUS /hɑːrts/

a form of whist in which players avoid winning tricks containing hearts or the queen of spades

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading What vanity could I have wounded,--I a child new-born?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

infirmitynounUS /ɪnˈfɜːrmɪti/

the state of being weak in health or body (especially from old age)

From this reading What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?

lipsnounUS /lɪps/

plural of “lip” — either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

mother'snounUS /ˈmʌðərz/

possessive form of “mother” — a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

naturesnounUS /ˈneɪtʃərz/

plural of “nature” — the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

new-born

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What vanity could I have wounded,--I a child new-born?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

oppressedadjectiveUS /əˈprest/

burdened psychologically or mentally

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?

oweverbUS /oʊ/

be obliged to pay or repay

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

physicaladjectiveUS /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit

From this reading What moral or physical infirmity caused by mother’s coldness?

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

poetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

promoteverbUS /prəˈmoʊt/

contribute to the progress or growth of

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

rancorousadjectiveUS /ˈræŋkərəs/

showing deep-seated resentment

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

rootsnounUS /ruːts/

the condition of belonging to a particular place or group by virtue of social or ethnic or cultural lineage

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

silentlyadverbUS /ˈsaɪləntli/

without speaking

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

singverbUS /sɪŋ/

deliver by singing

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

smilesnounUS /smaɪlz/

plural of “smile” — a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

sorrowsnounUS /ˈsɑːroʊz/

plural of “sorrow” — an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

soulsnounUS /soʊlz/

plural of “soul” — the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

sternadjectiveUS /stɜːrn/

of a stern or strict bearing or demeanor; forbidding in aspect

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

stonyadjectiveUS /ˈstoʊni/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

suckverbUS /sʌk/

draw into the mouth by creating a practical vacuum in the mouth

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

tellsnounUS /telz/

plural of “tell” — a Swiss patriot who lived in the early 14th century and who was renowned for his skill as an archer

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

tenderadjectiveUS /ˈtendər/

given to sympathy or gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

tornadjectiveUS /tɔːrn/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

torturesnounUS /ˈtɔːrtʃərz/

plural of “torture” — extreme mental distress

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

touchedadjectiveUS /tʌtʃt/

having come into contact

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

touchingadjectiveUS /ˈtʌtʃɪŋ/

arousing affect

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

vanitynounUS /ˈvænəti/

feelings of excessive pride

From this reading What vanity could I have wounded,--I a child new-born?

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading To what genius fed on tears shall we some day owe that most touching of all elegies,--the tale of tortures borne silently by souls whose tender roots find stony ground in the domestic soil, whose earliest buds are torn apart by rancorous hands, whose flowers are touched by frost at the moment of their blossoming?

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading What poet will sing the sorrows of the child whose lips must suck a bitter breast, whose smiles are checked by the cruel fire of a stern eye?

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The tale that tells of such poor hearts, oppressed by beings placed about them to promote the development of their natures, would contain the true history of my childhood.

woundednounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading What vanity could I have wounded,--I a child new-born?

Chapter 1 of The Lily of the Valley by Honoré de Balzac holds 1171 sentences, grouped into 235 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Lily of the Valley contain?

Chapter 1 holds 1171 sentences of The Lily of the Valley, unabridged, divided into 235 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Lily of the Valley by Honoré de Balzac exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 1171 sentences, grouped into 235 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Lily of the Valley?

Work through the 235 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 235 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Lily of the Valley

Common questions about reading The Lily of the Valley by Honoré de Balzac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Lily of the Valley?

Yes. All 4452 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1569 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Lily of the Valley is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1569, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Lily of the Valley take to read?

About 371 minutes of reading across 891 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Lily of the Valley section by section

How to work through The Lily of the Valley section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 3 chapters of The Lily of the Valley to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Lily of the Valley

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Lily of the Valley, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Genius
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lily of the Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tears
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lily of the Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lily of the Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Touching
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lily of the Valley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.