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The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless
The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.
The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.
And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.
There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.
The fire at the lower end was by far the largest and hottest.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.
Line 2
The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.
/ðə hɔːl wɑːz lɑːrdʒ ənd loʊ ðə ruːf ɑːrtʃt ənd səˈpɔːrtɪd ɑːn θɪk ʃɔːrt ˈkɑːləmz ˈɔːlmoʊst laɪk ðə krɪpt ʌv ə kəˈθiːdrəl ðə wɔːlz wɜːr θɪk ənd ðə ˈwɪndoʊz wɪtʃ hæd noʊ ɡlæs wɜːr ˈveri smɔːl set ɪn sʌtʃ ə depθ ʌv wɔːl ðæt ðer wɑːz ə waɪd diːp ˈwɪndoʊ siːt əˈpɑːn wɪtʃ ðə reɪn maɪt biːt wɪˈθaʊt ˈriːtʃɪŋ ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər ʌv ðə ruːm/
Line 3
And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.
/ənd ˈiːvɪn ɪf ɪt hæd kʌm ɪn ðer wɑːz ˈnʌθɪŋ fɔːr ɪt tuː hɜːrt fɔːr ðə wɔːlz wɜːr ʌv rʌf stoʊn ənd ðə flɔːr ʌv taɪlz/
Line 4
There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.
/ðer wɑːz ə ˈfaɪər æt iːtʃ end ʌv ðɪs ɡreɪt dɑːrk əˈpɑːrtmənt bʌt ðer wɜːr noʊ ˈtʃɪmniz ˈoʊvər ðə ˈæmpəl hɑːrθs ənd ðə smoʊk kɜːrld əˈbaʊt ɪn θɪk waɪt foʊldz ɪn ðə ˈvɔːltɪd ruːf ˈædɪŋ tuː ðə riːθs ʌv sʊt wɪtʃ meɪd ðə hɔːl lʊk stɪl ˈdɑːrkər/
Line 5
The fire at the lower end was by far the largest and hottest.
/ðə ˈfaɪər æt ðə ˈloʊər end wɑːz baɪ fɑːr ðə ˈlɑːrdʒəst ənd ˈhɑːtəst/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

crypt noun US /krɪpt/

An underground room or vault beneath an ancient building, often used for storage or burials.

From this reading “The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.”

hearths noun US /hɑːrθs/

plural of “hearth” — an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be built

From this reading “There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.”

hottest adjective US /ˈhɑːtəst/

superlative of “hot” — used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading “The fire at the lower end was by far the largest and hottest.”

Normandy noun US /ˈnɔːrməndi/

a former province of northwestern France on the English channel; divided into Haute-Normandie and Basse-Normandie

From this reading “On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.”

soot noun US /sʊt/

a black colloidal substance consisting wholly or principally of amorphous carbon and used to make pigments and ink

From this reading “There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.”

tiles noun US /taɪlz/

plural of “tile” — a flat thin rectangular slab (as of fired clay or rubber or linoleum) used to cover surfaces

From this reading “And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.”

vaulted adjective US /ˈvɔːltɪd/

having a hemispherical vault or dome

From this reading “There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.”

wreaths noun US /riːθs/

plural of “wreath” — flower arrangement consisting of a circular band of foliage or flowers for ornamental purposes

From this reading “There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

943

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

addingverbUS /ˈædɪŋ/

-ing form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

ampleadjectiveUS /ˈæmpəl/

more than enough in size or scope or capacity

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

apartmentnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

archedadjectiveUS /ɑːrtʃt/

constructed with or in the form of an arch or arches

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

Bayeux

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

beatverbUS /biːt/

come out better in a competition, race, or conflict

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

bustlenounUS /ˈbʌsəl/

a rapid active commotion

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The fire at the lower end was by far the largest and hottest.

CastlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

CathedralnounUS /kəˈθiːdrəl/

any large and important church

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

chimneysnounUS /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

columnsnounUS /ˈkɑːləmz/

plural of “column” — a line of units following one after another

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

cryptnounUS /krɪpt/

An underground room or vault beneath an ancient building, often used for storage or burials.

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

curledadjectiveUS /kɜːrld/

(of hair) making curls or having been made to curl

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

darkeradjectiveUS /ˈdɑːrkər/

comparative of “dark” — devoid of or deficient in light or brightness; shadowed or black

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

depthnounUS /depθ/

the extent downward or backward or inward

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The fire at the lower end was by far the largest and hottest.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

foldsnounUS /foʊldz/

plural of “fold” — an angular or rounded shape made by folding

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

hearthsnounUS /hɑːrθs/

plural of “hearth” — an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be built

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

hottestadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːtəst/

superlative of “hot” — used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading The fire at the lower end was by far the largest and hottest.

hurtverbUS /hɜːrt/

be the source of pain

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

interioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɪriər/

situated within or suitable for inside a building

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

largestadjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒəst/

superlative of “large” — above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The fire at the lower end was by far the largest and hottest.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading The fire at the lower end was by far the largest and hottest.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

NormandynounUS /ˈnɔːrməndi/

a former province of northwestern France on the English channel; divided into Haute-Normandie and Basse-Normandie

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

rainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

reachingnounUS /ˈriːtʃɪŋ/

the act of physically reaching or thrusting out

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

roofnounUS /ruːf/

a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

smokenounUS /smoʊk/

a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

sootnounUS /sʊt/

a black colloidal substance consisting wholly or principally of amorphous carbon and used to make pigments and ink

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

supportedadjectiveUS /səˈpɔːrtɪd/

sustained or maintained by aid (as distinct from physical support)

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

tilesnounUS /taɪlz/

plural of “tile” — a flat thin rectangular slab (as of fired clay or rubber or linoleum) used to cover surfaces

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading And even if it had come in, there was nothing for it to hurt, for the walls were of rough stone, and the floor of tiles.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

vaultedadjectiveUS /ˈvɔːltɪd/

having a hemispherical vault or dome

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The hall was large and low, the roof arched, and supported on thick short columns, almost like the crypt of a Cathedral; the walls were thick, and the windows, which had no glass, were very small, set in such a depth of wall that there was a wide deep window seat, upon which the rain might beat, without reaching the interior of the room.

wreathsnounUS /riːθs/

plural of “wreath” — flower arrangement consisting of a circular band of foliage or flowers for ornamental purposes

From this reading There was a fire at each end of this great dark apartment, but there were no chimneys over the ample hearths, and the smoke curled about in thick white folds in the vaulted roof, adding to the wreaths of soot, which made the hall look still darker.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading On a bright autumn day, as long ago as the year 943, there was a great bustle in the Castle of Bayeux in Normandy.

Chapter 1 of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge holds 107 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless contain?

Chapter 1 holds 107 sentences of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 107 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless

Common questions about reading The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless?

Yes. All 1786 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3048 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3048, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless take to read?

About 148 minutes of reading across 358 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless section by section

How to work through The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Bright
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Autumn
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bustle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Little Duke: Richard the Fearless; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.