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The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras
The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras is here in full — 457 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras
Context Illustration Reading 1/91 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.
The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.
The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.
The youngest was Stumps.
Poor, timid, starved Little Stumps!
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras is here in full — 457 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/91 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.
/ðer ˈmʌðər hæd daɪd ˈkrɔːsɪŋ ðə pleɪnz ənd ðer ˈfɑːðər hæd hæd ə leɡ ˈbroʊkən baɪ ə ˈwæɡən wiːl ˈpæsɪŋ ˈoʊvər ɪt æz ðeɪ dɪˈsendəd ðə siˈerəz ənd hiː wɑːz fɔːr ə lɔːŋ taɪm ˈæftər ˈriːtʃɪŋ ðə maɪnz ˈmɪzərəbəl leɪm ənd puːr/
Line 2
The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.
Line 3
The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.
Line 4
The youngest was Stumps.
/ðə ˈjʌŋɡəst wɑːz stʌmps/
Line 5
Poor, timid, starved Little Stumps!
/puːr ˈtɪmɪd stɑːrvd ˈlɪtəl stʌmps/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

eldest adjective US /ˈeldəst/

first in order of birth

From this reading “The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.”

lame noun US /leɪm/

someone who doesn't understand what is going on

From this reading “Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.”

mines noun US /maɪnz/

plural of “mine” — excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted

From this reading “Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.”

plains noun US /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading “Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.”

Sierras noun US /siˈerəz/

plural of “sierra” — a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading “Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.”

starved adjective US /stɑːrvd/

suffering from lack of food

From this reading “Poor, timid, starved Little Stumps!”

Stumps noun US /stʌmps/

plural of “stump” — the base part of a tree that remains standing after the tree has been felled

From this reading “The youngest was Stumps.”

youngest adjective US /ˈjʌŋɡəst/

superlative of “young” — (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading “The youngest was Stumps.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

crossingnounUS /ˈkrɔːsɪŋ/

traveling across

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

descendedverbUS /dɪˈsendəd/

past form of “descend” — move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

eldestadjectiveUS /ˈeldəst/

first in order of birth

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

favoritenounUS /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

something regarded with special favor or liking

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

Jim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

Keene

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

lamenounUS /leɪm/

someone who doesn't understand what is going on

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

legnounUS /leɡ/

a human limb; commonly used to refer to a whole limb but technically only the part of the limb between the knee and ankle

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

Madge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

minesnounUS /maɪnz/

plural of “mine” — excavation in the earth from which ores and minerals are extracted

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

mischiefnounUS /ˈmɪstʃəf/

reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

plainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

reachingnounUS /ˈriːtʃɪŋ/

the act of physically reaching or thrusting out

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

SierrasnounUS /siˈerəz/

plural of “sierra” — a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

starvedadjectiveUS /stɑːrvd/

suffering from lack of food

From this reading Poor, timid, starved Little Stumps!

StumpsnounUS /stʌmps/

plural of “stump” — the base part of a tree that remains standing after the tree has been felled

From this reading The youngest was Stumps.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

timidadjectiveUS /ˈtɪmɪd/

showing fear and lack of confidence

From this reading Poor, timid, starved Little Stumps!

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The next eldest child, Madge, was a girl of ten, her father's favorite, and she was wild enough too.

wagonnounUS /ˈwæɡən/

any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

wheelverbUS /wiːl/

change directions as if revolving on a pivot

From this reading Their mother had died crossing the plains, and their father had had a leg broken by a wagon wheel passing over it as they descended the Sierras, and he was for a long time after reaching the mines miserable, lame and poor.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading The eldest boy, Jim Keene, as I remember him, was a bright little fellow, but wild as an Indian and full of mischief.

youngestadjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡəst/

superlative of “young” — (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The youngest was Stumps.

Chapter 1 of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras by Joaquin Miller holds 457 sentences, grouped into 92 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras contain?

Chapter 1 holds 457 sentences of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras, unabridged, divided into 92 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras by Joaquin Miller exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 457 sentences, grouped into 92 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras?

Work through the 92 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 92 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras

Common questions about reading The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras by Joaquin Miller on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras?

Yes. All 2290 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21340 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21340, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras take to read?

About 190 minutes of reading across 458 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras section by section

How to work through The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mother
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crossing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Plains
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Father
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Little Gold Miners of the Sierras; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.