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The Lodger
The Lodger

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Lodger is here in full — 157 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Lodger
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.
The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.
A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.
Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his lifea self-respecting man-servant.
On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the samein her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Lodger

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Lodger is here in full — 157 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.
Line 2
The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.
Line 3
A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.
Line 4
Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his lifea self-respecting man-servant.
Line 5
On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the samein her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cosy noun US /ˈkoʊzi/

a padded cloth covering to keep a teapot warm

From this reading “A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.”

cuffs noun US /kʌfs/

plural of “cuff” — the lap consisting of a turned-back hem encircling the end of the sleeve or leg

From this reading “On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.”

dapper adjective US /ˈdæpər/

marked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners

From this reading “Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.”

exceptionally adverb US /ɪkˈsepʃənəli/

to an exceptional degree

From this reading “The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.”

grimy adjective US /ˈɡraɪmi/

thickly covered with ingrained dirt or soot

From this reading “The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.”

scrupulously adverb US /ˈskruːpjələsli/

with extreme conscientiousness

From this reading “On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.”

self-respecting adjective US /ˌselfrɪˈspektɪŋ/

having or showing self-esteem

From this reading “Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.”

servitude noun US /ˈsɜːrvətuːd/

state of subjection to an owner or master or forced labor imposed as punishment

From this reading “On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

apparentadjectiveUS /əˈperənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

arm-chair

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

BuntingnounUS /ˈbʌntɪŋ/

a loosely woven fabric used for flags, etc.

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

carefully-banked-up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

casualadjectiveUS /ˈkæʒəwəl/

marked by blithe unconcern

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

cleanadjectiveUS /kliːn/

free from dirt or impurities; or having clean habits

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

clean-shavenadjective

closely shaved recently

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

collarnounUS /ˈkɑːlər/

a band that fits around the neck and is usually folded over

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

cosynounUS /ˈkoʊzi/

a padded cloth covering to keep a teapot warm

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

cuffsnounUS /kʌfs/

plural of “cuff” — the lap consisting of a turned-back hem encircling the end of the sleeve or leg

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

dapperadjectiveUS /ˈdæpər/

marked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

dullyadverb

without liveliness

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

Ellen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

exactlyadverbUS /ɪɡˈzæktli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

exceptionallyadverbUS /ɪkˈsepʃənəli/

to an exceptional degree

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

grimyadjectiveUS /ˈɡraɪmi/

thickly covered with ingrained dirt or soot

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

leaningadjectiveUS /ˈliːnɪŋ/

departing or being caused to depart from the true vertical or horizontal

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

leathernounUS /ˈleðər/

an animal skin made smooth and flexible by removing the hair and then tanning

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

man-servant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

neatadjectiveUS /niːt/

clean or organized

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

openingnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

particularlyadverbUS /ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

RobertnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

scrupulouslyadverbUS /ˈskruːpjələsli/

with extreme conscientiousness

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

self-respectingadjectiveUS /ˌselfrɪˈspektɪŋ/

having or showing self-esteem

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

servitudenounUS /ˈsɜːrvətuːd/

state of subjection to an owner or master or forced labor imposed as punishment

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

sitting-room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

sordidadjectiveUS /ˈsɔːrdəd/

morally degraded

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

straight-backedadjective

having a straight back

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

stuffnounUS /stʌf/

the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

SuperioradjectiveUS /suːˈpɪriər/

of high or superior quality or performance

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

thoroughfarenounUS /ˈθɜːroʊfer/

a public road from one place to another

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

uncomfortableadjectiveUS /ənˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

conducive to or feeling mental discomfort

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

well-cared-for

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On his wife, now sitting up in an uncomfortable straight-backed chair, the marks of past servitude were less apparent; but they were there all the same—in her neat black stuff dress, and in her scrupulously clean, plain collar and cuffs.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The room, especially when it be known that it was part of a house standing in a grimy, if not exactly sordid, London thoroughfare, was exceptionally clean and well-cared-for.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Robert Bunting and Ellen his wife sat before their dully burning, carefully-banked-up fire.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading A casual stranger, more particularly one of a Superior class to their own, on suddenly opening the door of that sitting-room; would have thought that Mr. and Mrs. Bunting presented a very pleasant cosy picture of comfortable married life.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Bunting, who was leaning back in a deep leather arm-chair, was clean-shaven and dapper, still in appearance what he had been for many years of his life—a self-respecting man-servant.

Chapter 1 of The Lodger by Marie Belloc Lowndes holds 157 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Lodger contain?

Chapter 1 holds 157 sentences of The Lodger, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Lodger by Marie Belloc Lowndes exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 157 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Lodger?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Lodger

Common questions about reading The Lodger by Marie Belloc Lowndes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Lodger?

Yes. All 4993 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2014 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Lodger is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2014, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Lodger take to read?

About 416 minutes of reading across 999 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Lodger section by section

How to work through The Lodger section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of The Lodger to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Lodger

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Lodger, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Robert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lodger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bunting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lodger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ellen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lodger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dully
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lodger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.