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The Long Roll
The Long Roll

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Long Roll is here in full — 305 sentences across 61 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Long Roll
Context Illustration Reading 1/61 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.
One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.
One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.
These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.
The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Long Roll

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Long Roll is here in full — 305 sentences across 61 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/61 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.
Line 2
One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.
/wʌn keɪm frʌm ðə ˌnɔːrˈθwest ˈʌndər ˈfriːmɑːnt ənd ˈkaʊntɪd ten ˈθaʊzənd/
Line 3
One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.
Line 4
These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.
/ðiːz tuː wɜːr bluː klæd ˈmuːvɪŋ ˈʌndər ðə stɑːrz ənd straɪps/
Line 5
The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Fredericksburg noun US /ˈfredrɪksbərɡ/

a town in northeastern Virginia on the Rappahannock River

From this reading “One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.”

Fremont noun US /ˈfriːmɑːnt/

United States explorer who mapped much of the American west and Northwest (1813-1890)

From this reading “One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.”

Harper's noun US /ˈhɑːrpərz/

possessive form of “harper” — someone who plays the harp

From this reading “The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.”

nag verb US /næɡ/

bother persistently with trivial complaints

From this reading “The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.”

objective adjective US /əbˈdʒektɪv/

undistorted by emotion or personal bias; based on observable phenomena

From this reading “THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.”

sorrel adjective US /ˈsɔːrəl/

of a light brownish color

From this reading “The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.”

southeast noun US /ˌsaʊˈθiːst/

the compass point midway between south and east; at 135 degrees

From this reading “One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.”

Winchester noun US /ˈwɪntʃestər/

a city in southern England; administrative center of Hampshire

From this reading “THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.

barsnounUS /bɑːrz/

gymnastic apparatus consisting of two parallel wooden rods supported on uprights

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

CAVALRYnounUS /ˈkævəlri/

troops trained to fight on horseback

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

cladadjectiveUS /klæd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.

countedverbUS /ˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “count” — determine the number or amount of

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

DivisionnounUS /dɪˈvɪʒən/

an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.

eighteenadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːn/

being one more than seventeen

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

FerryverbUS /ˈferi/

transport from one place to another

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.

FOOTnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

FredericksburgnounUS /ˈfredrɪksbərɡ/

a town in northeastern Virginia on the Rappahannock River

From this reading One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.

FremontnounUS /ˈfriːmɑːnt/

United States explorer who mapped much of the American west and Northwest (1813-1890)

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

greyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

Harper'snounUS /ˈhɑːrpərz/

possessive form of “harper” — someone who plays the harp

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

McDowell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

movingadjectiveUS /ˈmuːvɪŋ/

in motion

From this reading These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.

muskets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

nagverbUS /næɡ/

bother persistently with trivial complaints

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

northwestnounUS /ˌnɔːrˈθwest/

the northwestern region of the United States

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

numberedverbUS /ˈnʌmbərd/

past form of “number” — add up in number or quantity

From this reading One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.

objectiveadjectiveUS /əbˈdʒektɪv/

undistorted by emotion or personal bias; based on observable phenomena

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

Shields's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.

sixteenadjectiveUS /sɪkˈstiːn/

being one more than fifteen

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

sorreladjectiveUS /ˈsɔːrəl/

of a light brownish color

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

southeastnounUS /ˌsaʊˈθiːst/

the compass point midway between south and east; at 135 degrees

From this reading One came from the southeast, Shields's Division from McDowell at Fredericksburg, and numbered fifteen thousand.

starsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.

Strasburg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

stripesnounUS /straɪps/

V-shaped sleeve badge indicating military rank and service

From this reading These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading The third, grey, under the stars and bars, sixteen thousand muskets, led by a man on a sorrel nag, came from Harper's Ferry.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading One came from the northwest, under Fremont, and counted ten thousand.

ValleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

VirginianounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These two were blue clad, moving under the stars and stripes.

WinchesternounUS /ˈwɪntʃestər/

a city in southern England; administrative center of Hampshire

From this reading THE FOOT CAVALRY Three armies had for their objective Strasburg in the Valley of Virginia, eighteen miles below Winchester.

Chapter 20 of The Long Roll by Mary Johnston holds 305 sentences, grouped into 61 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Long Roll contain?

Chapter 20 holds 305 sentences of The Long Roll, unabridged, divided into 61 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Long Roll by Mary Johnston exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 305 sentences, grouped into 61 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Long Roll?

Work through the 61 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 61 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Long Roll

Common questions about reading The Long Roll by Mary Johnston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Long Roll?

Yes. All 19751 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #22066 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Long Roll is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #22066, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Long Roll take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3951 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Long Roll section by section

How to work through The Long Roll section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Long Roll to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Long Roll

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Long Roll, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Court
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Long Roll; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
House
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Long Roll; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Portico
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Long Roll; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prominent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Long Roll; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.