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The Lost Trail
The Lost Trail

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Lost Trail is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.
Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.
They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.
Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.
His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Lost Trail

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Lost Trail is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.
Line 2
Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.
Line 3
They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.
Line 4
Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.
Line 5
His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.
/hɪz ˈpɜːrpəs ɪn ˈpleɪsɪŋ ðə ɡʌnz æz hiː hæd dʌn nɪr ðə ˈentrəns ʌv ðə lɑːdʒ wɑːz tuː tempt ðə bɔɪz tuː meɪk ə rʌʃ tuː ɪˈskeɪp/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chieftain noun US /ˈtʃiːftən/

the leader of a group of people

From this reading “TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.”

excepting verb US /ˌekˈseptɪŋ/

-ing form of “except” — take exception to

From this reading “TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.”

imaginable adjective US /ˌɪˈmædʒənəbəl/

capable of being imagined

From this reading “Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.”

mangled adjective US /ˈmæŋɡəld/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading “TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.”

Osage noun US /oʊˈseɪdʒ/

a member of the Siouan people formerly living in Missouri in the valleys of the Missouri and Osage rivers; oil was found on Osage lands early in the 20th century

From this reading “TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.”

quoting verb US /ˈkwoʊtɪŋ/

-ing form of “quote” — repeat a passage from

From this reading “Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.”

tempt verb US /tempt/

dispose or incline or entice to

From this reading “His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.”

thieves noun US /θiːvz/

plural of “thief” — a criminal who takes property belonging to someone else with the intention of keeping it or selling it

From this reading “Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

Arorara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

asleepadjectiveUS /əˈsliːp/

in a state of sleep

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

camp-fires

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

Carleton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

chieftainnounUS /ˈtʃiːftən/

the leader of a group of people

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

crimesnounUS /kraɪmz/

plural of “crime” — (criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

declaredadjectiveUS /dɪˈklerd/

made known or openly avowed

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

Deerfoot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

exceptingverbUS /ˌekˈseptɪŋ/

-ing form of “except” — take exception to

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

imaginableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmædʒənəbəl/

capable of being imagined

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

JacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

lodgeverbUS /lɑːdʒ/

be a lodger; stay temporarily

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

mangledadjectiveUS /ˈmæŋɡəld/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

Miamis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

OsagenounUS /oʊˈseɪdʒ/

a member of the Siouan people formerly living in Missouri in the valleys of the Missouri and Osage rivers; oil was found on Osage lands early in the 20th century

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

Otto

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

papooses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

placingverbUS /ˈpleɪsɪŋ/

-ing form of “place” — put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

punishverbUS /ˈpʌnɪʃ/

impose a penalty on; inflict punishment on

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

quotingverbUS /ˈkwoʊtɪŋ/

-ing form of “quote” — repeat a passage from

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

Relstaub

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

rushverbUS /rʌʃ/

move hurridly

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

Shawanoe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

Shawanoes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

shotnounUS /ʃɑːt/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

squaws

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

stolenverbUS /ˈstoʊlən/

inflected form of “steal” — take without the owner's consent

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

TABLESnounUS /ˈteɪbəlz/

plural of “table” — a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

temptverbUS /tempt/

dispose or incline or entice to

From this reading His purpose in placing the guns as he had done, near the entrance of the lodge, was to tempt the boys to make a rush to escape.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Arorara said he had been sent by his people to follow across the river, and punish them for their many crimes.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

thievesnounUS /θiːvz/

plural of “thief” — a criminal who takes property belonging to someone else with the intention of keeping it or selling it

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

treacherouslyadverb

in a disloyal and faithless manner

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

TURNINGnounUS /ˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

warriorsnounUS /ˈwɔːriərz/

plural of “warrior” — someone engaged in or experienced in warfare

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading They had stolen the horses of the Shawanoes and Miamis, and had treacherously shot, not only the warriors, but the squaws and papooses, when they lay asleep by their camp-fires.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

Wish-o-wa-tum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

WithoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading TURNING THE TABLES Although Jack Carleton and Otto Relstaub understood nothing of the conversation (excepting the few words of mangled English) between Wish-o-wa-tum, the Osage chieftain, and the Shawanoe who entered his lodge, little was lost upon Deerfoot.

worstnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

wretches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without quoting the language, it may be said that Arorara declared the two boys to be thieves and wretches of the worst imaginable degree.

Chapter 31 of The Lost Trail by Edward Sylvester Ellis holds 65 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Lost Trail contain?

Chapter 31 holds 65 sentences of The Lost Trail, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Lost Trail by Edward Sylvester Ellis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 65 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Lost Trail?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Lost Trail

Common questions about reading The Lost Trail by Edward Sylvester Ellis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Lost Trail?

Yes. All 2841 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6906 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Lost Trail is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6906, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Lost Trail take to read?

About 236 minutes of reading across 569 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Lost Trail section by section

How to work through The Lost Trail section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of The Lost Trail to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Lost Trail

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Lost Trail, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Moment
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lost Trail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lost Trail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kentuckian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lost Trail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Assumed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Lost Trail; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.