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The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley
The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley is here in full — 422 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.
There was no help for it.
Might was right, and comply they must.
But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.
No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley is here in full — 422 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.
Line 2
There was no help for it.
/ðer wɑːz noʊ help fɔːr ɪt/
Line 3
Might was right, and comply they must.
/maɪt wɑːz raɪt ənd kəmˈplaɪ ðeɪ mʌst/
Line 4
But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.
Line 5
No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.
/noʊ əbˈstrʌkʃən wɑːz pleɪst ɪn ðə weɪ ʌv ðem ˈlʊkɪŋ ˈæftər ðə ˈænəməlz ˈkaʊntɪŋ ðem əˈkeɪʒənəli ənd soʊ fɔːrθ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

comply verb US /kəmˈplaɪ/

act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes

From this reading “Might was right, and comply they must.”

counting noun US /ˈkaʊntɪŋ/

the act of counting; reciting numbers in ascending order

From this reading “No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.”

forbidden adjective US /fərˈbɪd.ən/

Not allowed; banned or prohibited by rule or law.

From this reading “But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.”

grazing noun US /ˈɡreɪzɪŋ/

the act of grazing

From this reading “But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.”

obstruction noun US /əbˈstrʌkʃən/

any structure that makes progress difficult

From this reading “No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.”

outlying adjective US /ˈaʊtlaɪɪŋ/

relatively far from a center or middle

From this reading “But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.”

radius noun US /ˈreɪdiəs/

the length of a line segment between the center and circumference of a circle or sphere

From this reading “But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.”

trekked verb US /trekt/

inflected form of “trek” — journey on foot, especially in the mountains

From this reading “Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

under pretence preposition + noun

In this reading “But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.”

distant corner adjective + noun

In this reading “But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.”

large force adjective + noun

In this reading “Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.”

met by verb + particle counted as “meet by”

In this reading “Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

actuallyadverbUS /ˈæktʃuːəli/

in actual fact

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

complyverbUS /kəmˈplaɪ/

act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes

From this reading Might was right, and comply they must.

cornernounUS /ˈkɔːrnər/

a place off to the side of an area

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

countingnounUS /ˈkaʊntɪŋ/

the act of counting; reciting numbers in ascending order

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

deliberatelyadverbUS /dɪˈlɪbərətli/

with intention; in an intentional manner

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading There was no help for it.

forbiddenadjectiveUS /fərˈbɪd.ən/

Not allowed; banned or prohibited by rule or law.

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

grazingnounUS /ˈɡreɪzɪŋ/

the act of grazing

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading There was no help for it.

hollowadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːloʊ/

not solid; having a space or gap or cavity

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

inspanned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There was no help for it.

kraalnoun

a village of huts for native Africans in southern Africa; usually surrounded by a stockade

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

Mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Might was right, and comply they must.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Might was right, and comply they must.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no help for it.

obstructionnounUS /əbˈstrʌkʃən/

any structure that makes progress difficult

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

occasionallyadverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

sporadically and infrequently

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

OnceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

outlyingadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtlaɪɪŋ/

relatively far from a center or middle

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

pretencenoun

a false or unsupportable quality

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

radiusnounUS /ˈreɪdiəs/

the length of a line segment between the center and circumference of a circle or sphere

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Might was right, and comply they must.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no help for it.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

trek-oxen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

trekkedverbUS /trekt/

inflected form of “trek” — journey on foot, especially in the mountains

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

warriorsnounUS /ˈwɔːriərz/

plural of “warrior” — someone engaged in or experienced in warfare

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was no help for it.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading No obstruction was placed in the way of them looking after the animals, counting them occasionally, and so forth.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Once they had actually inspanned, but before they had trekked half a mile from the kraal they were met by a large force of armed warriors, and deliberately turned back.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading But, after that, under pretence that the chief had forbidden any grazing within a certain radius of the kraal, all their trek-oxen were driven away to a small outlying kraal in a distant corner of the hollow.

Chapter 8 of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley by Bertram Mitford holds 422 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley contain?

Chapter 8 holds 422 sentences of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley by Bertram Mitford exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 422 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley

Common questions about reading The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley by Bertram Mitford on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley?

Yes. All 4888 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32569 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32569, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley take to read?

About 407 minutes of reading across 978 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gerard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ridgeley
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bertram
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mitford
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Luck of Gerard Ridgeley; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.