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The Mabinogion
The Mabinogion

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of The Mabinogion is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The messengers bent down upon their knees.
Empress of Rome, all hail!”
Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”
We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.
Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Mabinogion

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of The Mabinogion is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The messengers bent down upon their knees.
/ðə ˈmesəndʒərz bent daʊn əˈpɑːn ðer niːz/
Line 2
Empress of Rome, all hail!”
/ˈempres ʌv roʊm ɔːl heɪl/
Line 3
Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”
/hɑː ˈdʒentəlz sed ðə ˈmeɪdən jiː ber ðə ˈsiːmɪŋ ʌv ˈɑːnərəbəl men ənd ðə bædʒ ʌv ˈenvɔɪz wʌt ˈmɑːkəri ɪz ðɪs jiː duː tuː miː/
Line 4
We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.
/wiː mɑːk ðiː nɑːt ˈleɪdi bʌt ðə ˈempərər ʌv roʊm hæθ siːn ðiː ɪn hɪz sliːp ənd hiː hæz ˈniːðər laɪf nɔːr ˈspɪrət left bɪˈkɔːz ʌv ðiː/
Line 5
Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”
/ðaʊ ʃælt hæv ʌv ʌs ˈðerfɔːr ðə tʃɔɪs ˈleɪdi ˈweðər ðaʊ wɪlt ɡoʊ wɪð ʌs ənd biː meɪd ˈempres ʌv roʊm ɔːr ðæt ðə ˈempərər kʌm ˈhɪðər ənd teɪk ðiː fɔːr hɪz waɪf/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

badge noun US /bædʒ/

an emblem (a small piece of plastic or cloth or metal) that signifies your status (rank or membership or affiliation etc.)

From this reading ““Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?””

empress noun US /ˈempres/

a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor

From this reading ““Empress of Rome, all hail!””

envoys noun US /ˈenvɔɪz/

plural of “envoy” — a diplomat having less authority than an ambassador

From this reading ““Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?””

gentles verb US /ˈdʒentəlz/

third-person singular of “gentle” — cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of

From this reading ““Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?””

hail verb US /heɪl/

praise vociferously

From this reading ““Empress of Rome, all hail!””

messengers noun US /ˈmesəndʒərz/

plural of “messenger” — a person who carries a message

From this reading “The messengers bent down upon their knees.”

mock verb US /mɑːk/

treat with contempt

From this reading ““We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.”

mockery noun US /ˈmɑːkəri/

showing your contempt by derision

From this reading ““Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?””

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading “Empress of Rome, all hail!”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

badgenounUS /bædʒ/

an emblem (a small piece of plastic or cloth or metal) that signifies your status (rank or membership or affiliation etc.)

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading The messengers bent down upon their knees.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

choicenounUS /tʃɔɪs/

the person or thing chosen or selected

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The messengers bent down upon their knees.

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

EmpressnounUS /ˈempres/

a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor

From this reading “Empress of Rome, all hail!”

envoysnounUS /ˈenvɔɪz/

plural of “envoy” — a diplomat having less authority than an ambassador

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

gentlesverbUS /ˈdʒentəlz/

third-person singular of “gentle” — cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

HanounUS /hɑː/

(astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial point measured westward along the celestial equator from the zenith crossing; the right ascension for an observer at a particular location and time of day

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

hailverbUS /heɪl/

praise vociferously

From this reading “Empress of Rome, all hail!”

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

hathauxiliary verbUS /hæθ/

an old form of “has”

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

hitheradverbUS /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

honourableadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnərəbəl/

worthy of being honored; entitled to honor and respect

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading The messengers bent down upon their knees.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

maidennounUS /ˈmeɪdən/

an unmarried girl (especially a virgin)

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

messengersnounUS /ˈmesəndʒərz/

plural of “messenger” — a person who carries a message

From this reading The messengers bent down upon their knees.

mockverbUS /mɑːk/

treat with contempt

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

mockerynounUS /ˈmɑːkəri/

showing your contempt by derision

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “Empress of Rome, all hail!”

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading “Empress of Rome, all hail!”

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

seemingadjectiveUS /ˈsiːmɪŋ/

appearing as such but not necessarily so

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

shaltmodal verbUS /ʃælt/

an old form of “shall”, used with “thou”

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The messengers bent down upon their knees.

theepronounUS /ðiː/

an old word for “you”, as the object, speaking to one person

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The messengers bent down upon their knees.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

ThoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The messengers bent down upon their knees.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading “We mock thee not, lady; but the Emperor of Rome hath seen thee in his sleep, and he has neither life nor spirit left because of thee.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

wiltmodal verbUS /wɪlt/

an old form of “will”, used with “thou”

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Thou shalt have of us therefore the choice, lady, whether thou wilt go with us and be made empress of Rome, or that the emperor come hither and take thee for his wife?”

yepronounUS /jiː/

an old word for “you”, speaking to more than one person

From this reading “Ha, gentles,” said the maiden, “ye bear the seeming of honourable men, and the badge of envoys, what mockery is this ye do to me?”

Chapter 13 of The Mabinogion by Charlotte, Lady [Translator] Schreiber holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of The Mabinogion contain?

Chapter 13 holds 408 sentences of The Mabinogion, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of The Mabinogion by Charlotte, Lady [Translator] Schreiber exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of The Mabinogion?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Mabinogion

Common questions about reading The Mabinogion by Charlotte, Lady [Translator] Schreiber on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Mabinogion?

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Which edition of The Mabinogion is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5160, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Mabinogion take to read?

About 445 minutes of reading across 1070 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Mabinogion

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Mabinogion, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mabinogion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fountain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mabinogion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Peredur
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mabinogion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Evrawc
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mabinogion; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.