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The Mabinogion Vol. 2
The Mabinogion Vol. 2

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Mabinogion Vol. 2 is here in full — 514 sentences across 103 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Mabinogion Vol. 2
Context Illustration Reading 1/102 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
{The salmon of Llyn Llyw.
"And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.
In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.
It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.
But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Mabinogion Vol. 2

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Mabinogion Vol. 2 is here in full — 514 sentences across 103 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/102 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
{The salmon of Llyn Llyw.
Line 2
"And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.
Line 3
In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.
/ɪn ðɪs ˈsekənd ˈvɑːljuːm æz ɪn ðə fɜːrst aɪ hæv ˈɡɪvən ˈleɪdi ˈʃɑːrlət ɡests trænzˈleɪʃən ɪɡˈzæktli æz ʃiː roʊt ɪt/
Line 4
It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.
/ɪt wʊd hæv bɪn ˈiːzi tuː meɪk ɪt ə mɔːr ˈfeɪθfəl ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən ʌv ðə weltʃ baɪ əˈkeɪʒənəli ˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ ə wɜːrd ɔːr baɪ ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə freɪz mɔːr ˈsɪmpəl ɪn ˈdɪkʃən/
Line 5
But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.
/bʌt ðə ˈriːdər wʊd nɑːt hæv fərˈɡɪvən miː fɔːr ˈpleɪsɪŋ bɪˈfɔːr hɪm ə trænzˈleɪʃən ðæt wɑːz nɑːt ˈleɪdi ˈʃɑːrlət ɡests/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

diction noun US /ˈdɪkʃən/

the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience

From this reading “It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.”

dungeon noun US /ˈdʌndʒən/

the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress

From this reading “"And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.”

Guest's noun US /ɡests/

possessive form of “guest” — a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading “In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.”

lamenting adjective US /ləˈmentɪŋ/

vocally expressing grief or sorrow or resembling such expression

From this reading “"And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.”

reproduction noun US /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/

the process of generating offspring

From this reading “It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.”

salmon noun US /ˈsæmən/

any of various large food and game fishes of northern waters; usually migrate from salt to fresh water to spawn

From this reading “{The salmon of Llyn Llyw.”

wailing noun US /ˈweɪlɪŋ/

loud cries made while weeping

From this reading “"And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.”

Welsh noun US /weltʃ/

a native or resident of Wales

From this reading “It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

0

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

changingadjectiveUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

marked by continuous change or effective action

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

CharlottenounUS /ˈʃɑːrlət/

the largest city in North Carolina; located in south central North Carolina

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

dictionnounUS /ˈdɪkʃən/

the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

dungeonnounUS /ˈdʌndʒən/

the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

exactlyadverbUS /ɪɡˈzæktli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

faithfuladjectiveUS /ˈfeɪθfəl/

steadfast in affection or allegiance

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

forgivenverbUS /fərˈɡɪvən/

inflected form of “forgive” — stop blaming or grant forgiveness

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

Guest'snounUS /ɡests/

possessive form of “guest” — a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

INTRODUCTIONnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

jpg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

lamentingadjectiveUS /ləˈmentɪŋ/

vocally expressing grief or sorrow or resembling such expression

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

Llyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {The salmon of Llyn Llyw.

Llyw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {The salmon of Llyn Llyw.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

occasionallyadverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

sporadically and infrequently

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading {The salmon of Llyn Llyw.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

pnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

phrasenounUS /freɪz/

an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

placingverbUS /ˈpleɪsɪŋ/

-ing form of “place” — put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

reproductionnounUS /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/

the process of generating offspring

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

salmonnounUS /ˈsæmən/

any of various large food and game fishes of northern waters; usually migrate from salt to fresh water to spawn

From this reading {The salmon of Llyn Llyw.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading {The salmon of Llyn Llyw.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

translationnounUS /trænzˈleɪʃən/

a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

wailingnounUS /ˈweɪlɪŋ/

loud cries made while weeping

From this reading "And they heard a great wailing and lamenting from the dungeon.": p0.jpg} INTRODUCTION.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But the reader would not have forgiven me for placing before him a translation that was not Lady Charlotte Guest's.

WelshnounUS /weltʃ/

a native or resident of Wales

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It would have been easy to make it a more faithful reproduction of the Welsh by occasionally changing a word, or by making a phrase more simple in diction.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading In this second volume, as in the first, I have given Lady Charlotte Guest's translation exactly as she wrote it.

Chapter 1 of The Mabinogion Vol. 2 by Owen Morgan, Sir [Editor] Edwards holds 514 sentences, grouped into 103 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Mabinogion Vol. 2 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 514 sentences of The Mabinogion Vol. 2, unabridged, divided into 103 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Mabinogion Vol. 2 by Owen Morgan, Sir [Editor] Edwards exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 514 sentences, grouped into 103 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Mabinogion Vol. 2?

Work through the 103 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 103 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Mabinogion Vol. 2

Common questions about reading The Mabinogion Vol. 2 by Owen Morgan, Sir [Editor] Edwards on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Mabinogion Vol. 2?

Yes. All 1965 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19973 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Mabinogion Vol. 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19973, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Mabinogion Vol. 2 take to read?

About 163 minutes of reading across 393 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Mabinogion Vol. 2 section by section

How to work through The Mabinogion Vol. 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of The Mabinogion Vol. 2 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Mabinogion Vol. 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Mabinogion Vol. 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Salmon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mabinogion Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mabinogion Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mabinogion Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wailing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Mabinogion Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.