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The Making of William Edwards
The Making of William Edwards

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of The Making of William Edwards is here in full — 146 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PROPER TOOLS.
Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.
She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.
But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.
It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Making of William Edwards

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of The Making of William Edwards is here in full — 146 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PROPER TOOLS.
/ˈprɑːpər tuːlz/
Line 2
Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.
Line 3
She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.
/ʃiː hæd bɪn woʊnt tuː sɪŋ ˈoʊvər hɜːr wɜːrk ənd hæd ə stɔːr ʌv oʊld weltʃ ˈbælədz ɪn hɜːr ˈmem.ər.i/
Line 4
But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.
Line 5
It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Ales noun US /eɪlz/

plural of “ale” — a general name for beer made with a top fermenting yeast; in some of the United States an ale is (by law) a brew of more than 4% alcohol by volume

From this reading “Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.”

colder adjective US /ˈkoʊldər/

comparative of “cold” — having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading “But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.”

expired adjective US /ɪkˈspaɪrd/

having come to an end or become void after passage of a period of time

From this reading “It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.”

filched verb US /fɪltʃt/

past form of “filch” — make off with belongings of others

From this reading “It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.”

hopelessness noun US /ˈhoʊpləsnəs/

the despair you feel when you have abandoned hope of comfort or success

From this reading “But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.”

mourned verb US /mɔːrnd/

past form of “mourn” — feel sadness

From this reading “But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.”

ruthlessly adverb US /ˈruːθləsli/

in a ruthless manner

From this reading “But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.”

seizure noun US /ˈsiːʒər/

a sudden occurrence (or recurrence) of a disease

From this reading “It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

grew colder verb + adjective counted as “grow cold”

In this reading “But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.”

in addition preposition + noun

In this reading “It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.”

in silence preposition + noun

In this reading “But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

additionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

a component that is added to something to improve it

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

AlesnounUS /eɪlz/

plural of “ale” — a general name for beer made with a top fermenting yeast; in some of the United States an ale is (by law) a brew of more than 4% alcohol by volume

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

balladsnounUS /ˈbælədz/

plural of “ballad” — a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

colderadjectiveUS /ˈkoʊldər/

comparative of “cold” — having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

costsnounUS /kɑːsts/

pecuniary reimbursement to the winning party for the expenses of litigation

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

despairnounUS /dɪˈsper/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

drearadjective

causing dejection

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

Evan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

expiredadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspaɪrd/

having come to an end or become void after passage of a period of time

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

filchedverbUS /fɪltʃt/

past form of “filch” — make off with belongings of others

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

grumblingnounUS /ˈɡrʌmbəlɪŋ/

a loud low dull continuous noise

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

heavieradjectiveUS /ˈheviər/

comparative of “heavy” — of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

hopelessnessnounUS /ˈhoʊpləsnəs/

the despair you feel when you have abandoned hope of comfort or success

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

matenounUS /meɪt/

the officer below the master on a commercial ship

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

monotonynounUS /məˈnɑːtəni/

the quality of wearisome constancy, routine, and lack of variety

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

mournedverbUS /mɔːrnd/

past form of “mourn” — feel sadness

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

prayersnounUS /prerz/

plural of “prayer” — the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

PROPERadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading PROPER TOOLS.

quitverbUS /kwɪt/

put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

rentverbUS /rent/

let for money

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

resolvedadjectiveUS /riˈzɑːlvd/

determined

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

resumedverbUS /rɪˈzuːmd/

past form of “resume” — take up or begin anew

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

Rhys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

ruthlesslyadverbUS /ˈruːθləsli/

in a ruthless manner

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

seizurenounUS /ˈsiːʒər/

a sudden occurrence (or recurrence) of a disease

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

singverbUS /sɪŋ/

deliver by singing

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

song-bird

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

storenounUS /stɔːr/

a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

TOOLSnounUS /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading PROPER TOOLS.

tornadjectiveUS /tɔːrn/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

vivacitynoun

characterized by high spirits and animation

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

wailings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

WelshnounUS /weltʃ/

a native or resident of Wales

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

wontnounUS /woʊnt/

an established custom

From this reading She had been wont to sing over her work, and had a store of old Welsh ballads in her memory.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Ales had resumed her work on the farm, but not with the spirit and vivacity of old.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading It cut her to the soul to hear Rhys grumbling, as he did, at the money filched from them to pay, not only the rent Evan should have paid, but the heavy costs of a seizure in addition; and she more than once resolved to quit the farm when the year expired.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading But the song-bird mourned in silence for the mate torn away so ruthlessly, and, as weeks and months and years rolled on in the same drear monotony of hopelessness, her heart grew colder and heavier, and her prayers became as the very wailings of despair.

Chapter 17 of The Making of William Edwards by G. Linnaeus (George Linnaeus), Mrs. Banks holds 146 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of The Making of William Edwards contain?

Chapter 17 holds 146 sentences of The Making of William Edwards, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of The Making of William Edwards by G. Linnaeus (George Linnaeus), Mrs. Banks exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 146 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of The Making of William Edwards?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Making of William Edwards

Common questions about reading The Making of William Edwards by G. Linnaeus (George Linnaeus), Mrs. Banks on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Making of William Edwards?

Yes. All 3320 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38212 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Making of William Edwards is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38212, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Making of William Edwards take to read?

About 276 minutes of reading across 664 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Making of William Edwards section by section

How to work through The Making of William Edwards section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of The Making of William Edwards to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Making of William Edwards

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Making of William Edwards, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Appeared
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Making of William Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Originally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Making of William Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bridge
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Making of William Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beauty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Making of William Edwards; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.