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The Man from Mars
The Man from Mars

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Man from Mars is here in full — 48 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.
It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.
Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.
You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.
Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Man from Mars

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Man from Mars is here in full — 48 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.
/ðə ˌkɑːnfəˈdenʃəl riˈleɪʃənz bɪˈtwiːn ˈaʊər ˈɡʌvərmənt ənd ˈpiːpəl hæv ˈɡɪvən ɪt ə pərˈentəl ˈkerɪktər/
Line 2
It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.
/ɪt hæz ˈkɑːnsəkwəntli bɪn ðə ˈstʌdi ʌv ˈaʊər ˌledʒəˈsleɪʃən fɔːr ˈeɪdʒəz pæst tuː əˈsweɪdʒ æz fɑːr æz ˈpɑːsəbəl ðoʊz ˈnætʃərəl ˈiːvəlz wɪtʃ kriːp ɪn æz ðə rɪˈzʌlt ʌv ˌʌnriˈstrɪktɪd ˈsoʊʃəl ˈfɔːrsɪz/
Line 3
Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.
/rɪˈɡɑːrdɪŋ ðə hoʊl mæs ʌv ˈaʊər ɪnˈhæbətənts æz ə ˈfæməli ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt kʊd ˈnevər fiːl ðæt ɪts ˈduːti wɑːz ˈfeɪθfəli pərˈfɔːrmd waɪl ə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ɪts ˈpiːpəl wɜːr rɪˈleɪtɪŋ tuː ðə ˈɔːrdəneri enˈdʒɔɪmənts ʌv laɪf ɪn ə steɪt ʌv səˈpreʃən frʌm ˈeni rɪˈmuːvəbəl kɑːz/
Line 4
You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.
Line 5
Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assuage verb US /əˈsweɪdʒ/

cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of

From this reading “It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.”

enjoyments noun US /enˈdʒɔɪmənts/

plural of “enjoyment” — the pleasure felt when having a good time

From this reading “Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.”

legislation noun US /ˌledʒəˈsleɪʃən/

law enacted by a legislative body

From this reading “It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.”

removable adjective US /rɪˈmuːvəbəl/

capable of being removed or taken away or dismissed

From this reading “Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.”

suppression noun US /səˈpreʃən/

the failure to develop some part or organ

From this reading “Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.”

sustenance noun US /ˈsʌstənəns/

a source of materials to nourish the body

From this reading “Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.”

thrift noun US /θrɪft/

any of numerous sun-loving low-growing evergreens of the genus Armeria having round heads of pink or white flowers

From this reading “Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.”

unrestricted adjective US /ˌʌnriˈstrɪktɪd/

not subject to or subjected to restriction

From this reading “It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

nervous energies adjective + noun counted as “nervous energy”

In this reading “Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.”

became possessed verb + adjective counted as “become possessed”

In this reading “Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.”

strong arms adjective + noun

In this reading “Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.”

whole mass adjective + noun

In this reading “Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.”

for the benefit preposition + article + noun counted as “for … benefit”

In this reading “Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.”

pay for verb + particle

have as a guest

In this reading “Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.”

in a state preposition + article + noun counted as “in … state”

In this reading “Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

acquisitivenessnoun

strong desire to acquire and possess

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

agesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒəz/

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

assuageverbUS /əˈsweɪdʒ/

cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

benefitnounUS /ˈbenəfɪt/

financial assistance in time of need

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

causesnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

classesnounUS /ˈklæsəz/

plural of “class” — a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

confidentialadjectiveUS /ˌkɑːnfəˈdenʃəl/

entrusted with private information and the confidence of another

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

consequentlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəntli/

(sentence connectors) because of the reason given

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

creepverbUS /kriːp/

move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

crystallizationnoun

the formation of crystals

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

energiesnounUS /ˈenərdʒiz/

plural of “energy” — (physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

enjoymentsnounUS /enˈdʒɔɪmənts/

plural of “enjoyment” — the pleasure felt when having a good time

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

evilsnounUS /ˈiːvəlz/

plural of “evil” — morally objectionable behavior

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

faithfullyadverbUS /ˈfeɪθfəli/

in a faithful manner

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

legislationnounUS /ˌledʒəˈsleɪʃən/

law enacted by a legislative body

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

muscularadjectiveUS /ˈmʌskjələr/

of or relating to or consisting of muscle

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

nervousadjectiveUS /ˈnɜːrvəs/

easily agitated

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

parentaladjectiveUS /pərˈentəl/

designating the generation of organisms from which hybrid offspring are produced

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

performedverbUS /pərˈfɔːrmd/

past form of “perform” — carry out or perform an action

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

profitableadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːfətəbəl/

yielding material gain or profit

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

qualitiesnounUS /ˈkwɑːlətiz/

plural of “quality” — an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

RegardingverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

relatingverbUS /rɪˈleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “relate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

relationsnounUS /riˈleɪʃənz/

mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

removableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmuːvəbəl/

capable of being removed or taken away or dismissed

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

suppressionnounUS /səˈpreʃən/

the failure to develop some part or organ

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

sustenancenounUS /ˈsʌstənəns/

a source of materials to nourish the body

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The confidential relations between our government and people have given it a parental character.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

thriftnounUS /θrɪft/

any of numerous sun-loving low-growing evergreens of the genus Armeria having round heads of pink or white flowers

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

toilverbUS /tɔɪl/

work hard

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

unrestrictedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnriˈstrɪktɪd/

not subject to or subjected to restriction

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It has consequently been the study of our legislation for ages past to assuage, as far as possible, those natural evils which creep in as the result of unrestricted social forces.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Those who at first, by thrift, acquisitiveness, or strong arms, became possessed of sufficient property to escape the necessity of daily toil for the sustenance of life; and those who, by the absence of these qualities or from other causes, were obliged from day to day to exercise their muscular and nervous energies for the benefit of those who found it profitable to use and pay for them.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Regarding the whole mass of our inhabitants as a family, the government could never feel that its duty was faithfully performed, while a number of its people were, relating to the ordinary enjoyments of life, in a state of suppression from any removable cause.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You began your civilization, just as we began ours, by the crystallization of society into two classes.

Chapter 8 of The Man from Mars by William Simpson holds 48 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Man from Mars contain?

Chapter 8 holds 48 sentences of The Man from Mars, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Man from Mars by William Simpson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 48 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Man from Mars?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Man from Mars

Common questions about reading The Man from Mars by William Simpson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Man from Mars?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #56979, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Man from Mars take to read?

About 147 minutes of reading across 355 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Man from Mars

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Man from Mars, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Revised
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Man from Mars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enlarged
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Man from Mars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Extended
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Man from Mars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Man from Mars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.