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The Man Who Laughs
The Man Who Laughs

Chapter LXXI · Chapter 71

Chapter 71 of The Man Who Laughs is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
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THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.
Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.
A few idlers surrounded the carriage.
On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.
Probably a magistrate,” conjectured the crowd.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Man Who Laughs

Chapter LXXI · Chapter 71

Chapter 71 of The Man Who Laughs is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.
Line 2
Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.
Line 3
A few idlers surrounded the carriage.
Line 4
On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.
Line 5
Probably a magistrate,” conjectured the crowd.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

descend verb US /dɪˈsend/

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading “On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.”

imperial adjective US /ˌɪmˈpɪriəl/

relating to or associated with an empire

From this reading “Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.”

jail noun US /dʒeɪl/

a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence)

From this reading “Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.”

magistrate noun US /ˈmædʒəstreɪt/

a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)

From this reading ““Probably a magistrate,” conjectured the crowd.”

monumental adjective US /ˌmɑːnjəˈmentəl/

relating or belonging to or serving as a monument

From this reading “Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.”

observing adjective US /əbˈzɜːrvɪŋ/

quick to notice; showing quick and keen perception

From this reading “Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.”

stationed verb US /ˈsteɪʃənd/

past form of “station” — assign to a station

From this reading “Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.”

wigs noun US /wɪɡz/

plural of “wig” — hairpiece covering the head and made of real or synthetic hair

From this reading “THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

AnyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

carriagenounUS /ˈkærɪdʒ/

a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

conjectured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Probably a magistrate,” conjectured the crowd.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading “Probably a magistrate,” conjectured the crowd.

DAYSnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.

descendverbUS /dɪˈsend/

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

façade

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few idlers surrounded the carriage.

FORMERadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

idlers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A few idlers surrounded the carriage.

imperialadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɪriəl/

relating to or associated with an empire

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

jailnounUS /dʒeɪl/

a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence)

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

KINDadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.

MAGISTRACYnoun

the position of magistrate

From this reading THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.

magistratenounUS /ˈmædʒəstreɪt/

a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)

From this reading “Probably a magistrate,” conjectured the crowd.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

monumentaladjectiveUS /ˌmɑːnjəˈmentəl/

relating or belonging to or serving as a monument

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

observingadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvɪŋ/

quick to notice; showing quick and keen perception

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.

officialadjectiveUS /əˈfɪʃəl/

having official authority or sanction

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

perceivedadjectiveUS /pərˈsiːvd/

detected by instinct or inference rather than by recognized perceptual cues

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

personagenoun

another word for person; a person not meriting identification

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

ProbablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading “Probably a magistrate,” conjectured the crowd.

recognizedadjectiveUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

remarkedverbUS /rɪˈmɑːrkt/

past form of “remark” — make mention of

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

Southwark

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

stationedverbUS /ˈsteɪʃənd/

past form of “station” — assign to a station

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading A few idlers surrounded the carriage.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

travellingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

UNDERprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On it was a coat of arms, and a personage had been seen to descend from it and enter the prison.

WIGSnounUS /wɪɡz/

plural of “wig” — hairpiece covering the head and made of real or synthetic hair

From this reading THE KIND OF MAGISTRACY UNDER THE WIGS OF FORMER DAYS.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Any one observing at that moment the other side of the prison--its façade--would have perceived the high street of Southwark, and might have remarked, stationed before the monumental and official entrance to the jail, a travelling carriage, recognized as such by its imperial.

Chapter 71 of The Man Who Laughs by Victor Hugo holds 65 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 71 of The Man Who Laughs contain?

Chapter 71 holds 65 sentences of The Man Who Laughs, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 71 of The Man Who Laughs by Victor Hugo exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 65 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 71 of The Man Who Laughs?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 71 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 71 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in The Man Who Laughs

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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